Numerology 

Bolkhovitinov was the first to comprehend the history of the Voronezh region. Bolkhovitinov Evfimiy Alekseevich (Metropolitan Eugene) Evgeny Bolkhovitinov Metropolitan of Kiev and Galicia

Up to half of the Philosophy course.

In the same year he was elected a member of the St. Petersburg Medical and Surgical Academy. In the year he was elected a member of the St. Petersburg Society of Lovers of Sciences, Literature and Arts; in the city - an honorary member and competitor of the St. Petersburg Conversation of the Russian Language.

Elected a member of the Kazan Society of Lovers of Russian Literature at the University.

On March 16 of the same year, he was elevated to the rank of Metropolitan of Kyiv and Galicia, appointed a member of the Holy Synod and elected a member of Vilna University.

He became famous as a learned hierarch, who left behind many scientific works. His scientific research included the field of archeology, Russian history and church history antiquities.

On behalf of Metropolitan Ambrose of Novgorod, Bishop Evgeniy drew up a “prescription” for the organization of the Theological Schools, which formed the basis for the reform of the system of theological education in Russia. An important feature of this project was the proposal to turn the Theological Academies not only into higher theological educational institutions, but also into church scientific centers endowed with publishing functions.

He was an honorary and full member of many scientific societies: Moscow, Kazan, Vilna, Kiev, Kharkov universities, the Russian Academy of Sciences, the Medical and Surgical Academy, the Society of Russian History and Antiquities, the Moscow Society of Russian Literature Lovers, the Commission for the drafting of laws of the Russian Empire and a number of others .

He was exceptionally diligent. He cherished every minute and in letters poured out his displeasure about the lost time. He left a great literary legacy to posterity. His works on Russian church history were of great importance for their time.

“It is impossible not to be surprised at that,” says Reverend Philaret of Kiev, “what a lot of old manuscripts, acts and books he went through, and what industriousness and learning he possessed.”

According to M. Pogodin, "He was a man who could not stay a single day without commemorating him with works for the benefit of history."

He devoted a lot of time to scientific activity, but this did not prevent him from being an indefatigable preacher of the word of God. The Right Reverend denounced the schismatics of the schismatics, and treated sternly those who stood reverently in the temple of God. The Metropolitan's sermons were distinguished by liveliness and depth of thought. By nature, Mr. Eugene was modest and simple. Here is how N.N. Murzakevich:

“For a long time I knew the name of Metropolitan Yevgeny Bolkhovitinov, as a proven connoisseur of Russian antiquities, I believed that he, like many of his colleagues, was inaccessible or inattentive to small people. Curiosity to see a learned person overcame indecision. When asked if I could see the Metropolitan, the answer was: “please.” The doors to the hall opened. pale, in a simple shabby cassock and the same kamilavka, appeared before me. A simple reception and a conversation that ensued in general about Russian antiquity continued until the arrival of new faces.

He left a good memory of himself. Eugene with his charity, hospitality and accessibility for everyone.

Compositions

  • New Latin Alphabet. M., 1788
  • Reasoning about the need Greek for theology. M., 1793
  • Historical Dictionary about writers of the spiritual rank of the Greek-Russian Church who were in Russia. 2nd edition in two parts. St. Petersburg, 1827 (first edition published in 1818)
  • Dictionary of Russian secular writers, compatriots and foreigners who wrote in Russia, M., 1845
  • Discourses on the Moscow orders, on the ancient members in Russia.
  • History of the Principality of Pskov.
  • About the Vologda and Zyryansk antiquities.
  • About the first embassy in Japan.
  • On the oaths of the Slavic-Russians.
  • Three historical conversations (about the antiquities of Novgorod).
  • About the ranks of the Greek-Russian Church.
  • Discourse on the book of Peter Mohyla "Orthodox Confession of Faith".
  • On the conciliar act of 1157
  • About Russian cathedrals.
  • Historical image of Georgia.
  • Description of the Voronezh province.
  • About altar decorations.
  • Discourse on ancient Christian liturgical singing and singing in the Russian Church.
  • Full biography of Tikhon of Voronezh.
  • Description of the Kiev Sophia Cathedral and the Kyiv hierarchy. Kyiv, 1825.
  • Dictionary of history about writing. spiritual rank in 2 parts. St. Petersburg, 1827.
  • Voltaire's Fallacies Discovered by Abbé Nonot in 2 Volumes. M., 1793.
  • Parnassian history (student work). M., 1788.

Awards

  • diamond pectoral cross (September 15, 1801, at the coronation of Sovereign Emperor Alexander I)
  • order of St. Anna, 1st Class (March 5, 1805)
  • order of St. Alexander Nevsky
  • order of St. Vladimir II degree (August 30, 1814)
  • order of St. app. Andrew the First-Called (August 22, 1826)

Literature

  • Zakharchenko M.M. Kyiv before and now. Kyiv, 1888, p. 42, 117, 124, 187, 210.
  • Poletaev N. Proceedings of Metropolitan. Evgeny Bolkhovityanov on the history of the Russian Church. Kazan, 1889.
  • Karpov S.M. Yevgeny Bolkhovityanov as Metropolitan of Kyiv. Kyiv, 1914.
  • Tokmanov I. Historian-archaeologist. sketch Khutynsk. Varlaam. Spaso-Transfigured. mr. Novgorod, 1911, p. 45, 46.
  • Suvorov N. Description Spaso-Kamensk. m-rya on the Kubenskoe lake. 2nd ed. Vologda, 1893, p. 30 Ave.
  • Leonid, Hierom. The history of the church within the current Kaluga. ep. Kaluga, 1876, p. 191-194.
  • Tolstoy M. Shrines and ancient. Pskov. M., 1861, app., p. 18.
  • Zhmakin, prot. Abbot of Vyazemsky Arkad. mr. M., 1897, p. 67-68.
  • Grigorovich Correspondence with gr. Rumyantsev and with the Kyiv Metropolitan. Evgeny.
  • Bulgakov, p. 1397, 1401, 1403, 1410.
  • Gatzuk Calendar for 1883, p. 131.
  • Tolstoy Yu., No. 194.
  • Stroev P., p. 9, 40, 272, 382, ​​560, 733.
  • Golubinsky, p. 55.
  • Chronicle of E. A., p. 791.
  • Anniversary collection, p. 282, 343, 348, 616.
  • Lists of bishops, p. 20, no. 194.
  • N. D., p. 16, 20, 48, 51, 69.
  • Rukov. for rural shepherds, 1868, vol. II, p. 267; vol. VII, p. 373.
  • Izv. Kazan. ep., 1867, No. 18, p. 512.
  • - "- 1879, No. 20, p. 590.
  • - "- 1884, No. 4, p. 123.
  • Wanderer, 1869, November, p. 37-39.
  • - "- 1887, June-July, p. 266.
  • Samar. ep. Ved., 1867, No. 21, p. 513.
  • Church Vestn., 1891, No. 25, p. 392.
  • Proceedings of K. D. A., 1870, June, p. 16; August, p. 574.
  • - "- 1874, March, p. 4; August, p. 375-377, 406.
  • - "- 1879, May, p. 120.
  • - "- 1884, July, p. 286, 292-294.
  • - "- 1888, April, p. 681.
  • - "- 1889, July, pp. 479-484.
  • Right. sobes., 1874, January, p. 119.
  • - "- 1888, December, pp. 513-554.
  • - "- 1889, June, p. 319; September, p. 22; October, p. 186-208.
  • - "- 1899, January, pp. 112, 114.
  • - "- 1907, June, p. 848, pr. 7; September, p. 36, pr.
  • - "- 1909, July-August, p. 219.
  • - "- 1912, May, p. 260.
  • Russian antiquity, 1870, vol. I, p. 541, 546, 585; vol. 2, p. 223-224, 601-605, 607, 609, 612-616, 675-676.
  • Russian antiquity, 1871, vol. 3, p. 207; vol. 4, p. 681, 682.
  • - "- 1872, March, p. 481; October, p. 406.
  • - "- 1874, March, p. 428; April, p. 799, 800.
  • - "- 1875, March, p. 657, p / s.
  • - "- 1877, July, p. 387.
  • - "- 1878, February, p. 199.
  • - "- 1880, January, p. 22; September, p. 197.
  • - "- 1881, June, p. 203; September, p. 58-74; October, p. 238, 243, 245, 248, 249, 250, 345, 348.
  • Russian antiquity, 1882, April, p. 182; May, p. 431 and p / s; June, p. 24.
  • - "- 1883, July, pp. 130, 131 and p / s.
  • - "- 1885, June, p. 590; July, p. 168.
  • - "- 1886, June, p. 710.
  • - "- 1887, April, p. 129; May, p. 661.
  • - "- 1888, May, p. 799; June, p. 604 p / s. 1, p. 605.
  • - "- 1907, June, pp. 638, 642.
  • - "- 1910, May, pp. 404-422.
  • Historical Vestn., 1881, June, p. 284.
  • - "- 1882, February, p. 341; May, p. 266.
  • - "- 1883, February, p. 283 p / s.
  • - "- 1884, November, p. 3 p / s. 1.
  • - "- 1886, April, pp. 146, 157.
  • - "- 1888, January, p. 185-186; August, p. 3; November, p. 3.
  • - "- 1889, January, p. 222-223; July, p. 141, p / s. 1, p. 213.
  • - "- 1892, June, p. 821.
  • - "- 1893, January, p. 259.
  • - "- 1894, April, p. 221.
  • - "- 1896, April, pp. 157, 177, 180.
  • - "- 1904, January, p. 224; May, p. 605.
  • Right. reviewed., 1863, April, p. 359.
  • - "- 1864, January, p. 31.
  • Christ. chten., 1871, December, p. 979.
  • - "- 1900, March, pp. 398-399.
  • Rus. archive, 1870, no. 4 and 5, p. 769, 771 p/s, 772, 773, 781, 782, 785 p/s. 1, 787 p/s. 1, 788 p/s. 3, 791, 802, 808 p/s. 3, 817, 826 p/s. 1, 828, 834-835, 839 p/s. 8, 841 p/s. 1,847.
  • Rus. archive, 1887, book. 3rd, p. 361 (Filaret, archbishop of Chernigov).
  • - "- 1888, book 3rd, p. 253 (From the notes of Senator K.N. Lebedev).
  • - "- 1889, book 2, p. 21-84, 161-236, 321-388 (Letters from Metropolitan Evgeny to V.G. Anastasevich); book 3, p. 379 (Letter from Metropolitan. Eugene Archimandrite Parthenius).
  • Rus. archive, 1893, book. 3rd, p. 92 (Four letters of Metropolitan Leonty to Archbishop Platon of Kostroma).
  • Rus. archive, 1895, book. 3rd, No. 11, p. 374.
  • - "- 1897, book 1, p. 235, 240 (Notes of Count Buturlin); book 2, p. 592, 595, 596.
  • - "- 1898, book 1st, p. 304 (Malyshevsky I.I. Deyat. Metropolitan Eugene in the rank of chairman of the conf. K. D. A.).
  • - "- 1899, book 1st, No. 1, p. 26 p / s., No. 4, p. 529; book 2, No. 6, p. 188, 189 p / s. 7, p. 215 p/s 3, book 3, No. 11, p. 310.
  • Rus. archive, 1900, book. 1st, No. 1, p. 25; book. 2nd, No. 5, p. 93-94.
  • - "- 1901, book 2nd, No. 5, p. 21.
  • - "- 1903, book 1st, No. 3, p. 372, 433-434; No. 4, p. 546; No. 6, p. 223.
  • - "- 1904, book 1st, No. 1, p. 101; No. 2, p. 194, 225, 226, 227, 289.
  • Zh. M. P., 1945, No. 1, p. 45.
  • - "- 1954, No. 4, p. 47.
  • - "- 1957, No. 5, pp. 57-61.
  • BES, vol. I, p. 541, 816; vol. II, p. 1164, 1330, 1936.
  • BEL, vol. III, p. 712; vol. VIII, p. 111; vol. X, p. 608.
  • ES, vol. XI, p. 411-413.

Used materials

  • Site page Russian Orthodoxy:
  • Eugene (Bolkhovitinov), Met. Biography of Eugene, Metropolitan of Kyiv. Historical dictionary. About the writers of the spiritual rank of the Greek-Russian Church who were in Russia, M: Trinity Sergius Lavra, 1995, p. 1-3.

Voronezh Diocesan Gazette, 1867, No. 10 p. 334.

Synodikon of the Voronezh merchants Eliseevs / Supplement to the Voronezh Diocesan Gazette, 1886, p. 14

The decree of the consistory said that he (the prefect) had to remain on the same basis with the prefect position, using all the salaries and incomes from the archpriest's place, and in judging his excellent works and degree in the seminary, excel over all other archpriests Voronezh diocese, except for the cathedral archpriest, what to announce to him, the prefect, in the presence of a consistory, where he himself should be present in his free time, and when he was in the city of Pavlovsk in the Pavlovsk spiritual board. See the cases of the seminary archive of the book. No. 6, 1795 - 1796, p. 205 - Evfimy Alekseevich Bolkhovitinov, later Eugene, Metropolitan of Kiev [end] , 1868, No. 3 unofficial. department, s. 88-89.

Okolovich N. F., "To the 75th anniversary of the death of the Kyiv Metropolitan Eugene (Bolkhovitinov)", Voronezh Diocesan Gazette, 1912, No. 8 unofficial. part, p. 363.

From 1816 to 1822, Evfimy Alekseevich Bolkhovitinov lived in Pskov, one of the highest-ranking hierarchs of the church, the most educated person of his time, a writer, historian, archaeologist, who devoted his whole life to collecting, studying and preserving monuments of national culture.
Bolkhovitinov was born on December 18, 1767 in Voronezh, in the family of a priest. Studying at the Voronezh Theological Seminary, then at Moscow University, close acquaintance with the activities of the circle of the famous educator N.I. Novikov - all this developed into young man interest in national history, historical research and literary activity.
At the end of the academic course, Bolkhovitinov returned to his native city, became a teacher, and then the rector of a theological seminary. In Voronezh, he was fond of the theater, was at the head of a literary circle, where there were heated debates not only of a literary, but also of a political nature, he translated literary and philosophical works from French, and conducted local history work.
In 1799, after the death of his wife and three children, Bolkhovitinov decided to devote his life to church service and science. He moved to St. Petersburg and became a monk, receiving the name Eugene and the rank of bishop. In St. Petersburg, he became the prefect of the theological academy, where he taught philosophy and eloquence, lectured on theology and history. Subsequently, he held high church positions in Novgorod, Vologda, Kaluga, without stopping scientific research. It is no coincidence that in 1810 he was elected an honorary member of the St. Petersburg Society of Lovers of Science, Literature and Arts, and in 1811 - a member of two societies at once: the Petersburg Conversation of Lovers of the Russian Word and the Society of Russian History and Antiquities at Moscow University.

In 1816, Eugene was appointed Archbishop of Pskov and Courland. His Pskov residence was the monastery on Snyatnaya Gora, where he lived for almost six years, conducting extensive historical research. Bolkhovitinov searched for abandoned archives, organized their analysis, visited the ancient repositories of civil institutions, churches, monasteries, private estates, libraries, compiled inventories, made numerous extracts from ancient legislative acts, scribe books, annals, tried to draw historical information from epics and legends, from toponymy . He examined ancient buildings, dismantled ancient inscriptions, made measurements of the ruins and excavations available to his forces. In particular, during earthworks, he discovered the ancient Pskov bridges, which gave grounds for judgments about the nature of the planning and building of the ancient period.
Evgeny Bolkhovitinov wrote a number of works dedicated to the Pskov region. Until 1822, he prepared a set of Pskov chronicles, a list of Pskov letters, an annals of the ancient princely city of Izborsk, began work on compiling "History of the Principality of Pskov", for which not only Russian chronicles were involved, but also Livonian, Estonian and Courland, as well as German sources obtained with the help of Count N.P. Rumyantsev. Completed in draft already by 1818, "History" was published only in 1831, in Kyiv. In its first part - a general description of the history of the principality of Pskov and the city of Pskov, in the second - information about the Pskov princes, governors, posadniks, provincial chiefs, in the third - the history of the Pskov church diocese, in the fourth - the text of the abridged Pskov Chronicle. The manuscripts of Eugene also preserved short biography Prince of Pskov Vsevolod-Gabriel. In 1821 in Dorpat it was published "Description of the Pskov-Pechersk first-class monastery" and - in separate brochures - descriptions of the Snetogorsk, Kripetsk, Svyatogorsk, John the Baptist and Nikandrova Hermitage monasteries.
Today it is difficult to overestimate the importance of the work of a scientist for modern scientific research. Bolkhovitinov was the first serious author to study the past of Pskov. Generations of pre-revolutionary scientists turned to his works as the most complete and detailed presentation of Pskov history. All his works in this area are imbued with genuine sympathy for the ancient city, for its heroic past.
In Pskov, the archbishop sought to restore ancient customs and arouse reverence for local shrines. Yes, he ordered Cathedral to serve on the days of the death of locally honored saints - Prince Dovmont-Timofey and Blessed Nicholas (Salos), established procession around the cathedral with the icon of the Mother of God, almost forgotten in Pskov, known under the name "Pskovskaya" or "Chirskaya". In one of his letters he said: "Poor Pskov is dearer to me than the rich capital." Having fallen in love with the Pskov region once and for all, he later, while in Kiev, where he was appointed metropolitan in 1822, did not lose touch with the Pskov clergy, did a lot for the improvement of Pskov churches and monasteries.
The work of Bolkhovitinov's whole life was the creation "Dictionary of Russian writers", which was published only in 1845. He considered the dictionary as a great patriotic cause, aiming to capture the history of Russian literature. When compiling it, Eugene conducted extensive correspondence, trying to collect and record as many names and facts as possible. The work on the dictionary contributed personal acquaintance and long-term friendship between Bolkhovitinov and G.R. Derzhavin. The famous poet dedicated several poems to his friend, of which the most remarkable is "Eugene. Zvanskaya life", written in 1807, when Yevgeny was visiting Derzhavin.
In 1824, after a fifteen-year service in Kyiv, Bolkhovitinov was summoned to St. Petersburg, where he worked in the Holy Synod for more than a year in the affairs of church administration. On December 14, 1825, he, together with the Metropolitan of St. Petersburg, went to Senate Square and called on the rebels to stop their performance.
The fate and labors of Yevgeny Bolkhovitinov should be adequately appreciated by posterity, because the Metropolitan himself in one of his writings very accurately noted: “Those who do not know their native language are insufficiently educated; one should not neglect the small, without which the great cannot be perfect.”

References:

  • Berkov P.N. Eugene / P.N. Berkov // Brief literary encyclopedia. - M., 1964. - V.2. - S. 847.
  • Bolkhovitinov Efvimy Alekseevich (monastic Eugene) // Great Soviet Encyclopedia: in 30 volumes - M., 1970. - T. 3. - P. 525, 1562-1563.
  • Bolkhovitinov Efvimy Alekseevich (Eugene) // Pskov Encyclopedia. - Pskov, 2003. - S. 93-94: portr.
  • Kazakova L.A. Efvimy Alekseevich Bolkhovitinov / L.A. Kazakova // Pskov region in literature / [ed. N.L. Vershinin]. - Pskov, 2003. - S. 117-120: portr.

Metropolitan Eugene (Bolkhovitinov)

History of the Principality of Pskov / Comp. N.F. Levin, T.V. Kruglova. - Pskov: printing region, 2009. - 416 p. - (Pskov Historical Library).

The fundamental book of the Pskov bishop Yevgeny (Bolkhovitinov) "History of the Principality of Pskov" for many years was the main source of information for local historians and local historians. Thanks to the ongoing reprint, it will become available to both modern researchers and lovers of Pskov antiquity.

The reissue is dedicated to the anniversaries of two significant events, brightly highlighted in the "History of the Principality of Pskov" - the 500th anniversary of Pskov's entry into the Russian centralized state (1510) and the 420th anniversary of the Pskov diocese (founded in 1589).

Evfimy Alekseevich Bolkhovitinov was born on December 18, 1767 in Voronezh in the family of a poor priest. He studied at the Voronezh, Moscow theological academies, while attending the university. After graduating from the academy, he taught at the Voronezh Seminary (in 1788-1799). Even then, his main scientific interest was determined, he began to work on "Russian History", but the lack of materials forced him to abandon this idea and switch to local history. And in the future, wherever he had to serve, he never stood aside from the most important events in the church, social and political life of his time, continuing his constant research activities.

In 1800, having lost his wife and three children, he left for St. Petersburg, where he was appointed prefect of the St. Petersburg Theological Academy and taught philosophy and eloquence, lectured on theology and history. He took tonsure and received the name Eugene and the title of archimandrite. In 1804 he was an old Russian bishop, in 1808-1813. - Archbishop of Vologda, in 1813-1816. - Archbishop of Kaluga.

From 1816 to 1822, Metropolitan Eugene was Archbishop of Pskov and all of Livonia and Courland. While here, he plunged into the study of the history and nature of the region, fell in love with cozy Pskov churches, especially the Snetogorsk monastery, which became his home. Six years of stay in Pskov were marked by new research in the archives and libraries of monasteries. In 1821, he published 5 notebooks about some monasteries - Snetogorsk, Krypetsk, Svyatogorsk, etc. A set of Pskov chronicles, lists of letters of Pskov, "Chronicle of the ancient Slavic-Russian princely city of Izborsk" and other materials were prepared. In the same period, the fundamental work “History of the Principality of Pskov” was created, in which data from the Livonian Chronicle, the Polish armorial, and the archives of Koenigsberg were used. It reflected his outstanding abilities: researcher, archeographer, bibliographer. The draft work was completed by 1818, but published only in 1831 in Kyiv.

The works of Metropolitan Eugene on the history of our region have not lost their value even now, as they contain a large amount of factual material.

From the end of 1824, he spent more than a year in St. Petersburg, dealing with the affairs of church administration in the Holy Synod.

The last fifteen years of Metropolitan Eugene's life were spent in Kyiv, where he died on February 23, 1837.

WORKS OF E. A. BOLHOVITINOV:

  1. The opinion of Metropolitan Evgeny (Bolkhovitinov) on Russian dialects, set out in a private letter to p. Academician P. I. Keppen (October 1, 1820) [Electronic resource] / E. A. Bolkhovitinov; reported by P.K. Simoni. - 4 s.
  2. ; [Description of the monasteries of John the Theologian Krypetsky and ... Snetogorsky ...; Description of John the Baptist of the Pskov Monastery; Description of the Svyatogorsky Assumption Monastery; Description of the Annunciation Nikandrova Hermitage]. - Dorpat: Printing house of I. Kh. Shinman, 1821. - 60, p.
  3. Historical dictionary about writers of the spiritual rank of the Greek-Russian Church who were in Russia. T. 1. - Ed. 2nd, rev. and multiplied. - St. Petersburg: In the printing house of Ivan Glazunov and his dependents, 1827. -, 343, p.
  4. [Electronic resource] . Part one: containing the general history of this principality and the city of Pskov / E. A. Bolkhovitinov. - Kyiv: In the printing house Kiev Pechersk Lavra, 1831. - 321 p.
  5. History of the Principality of Pskov with the addition of the plan of the city of Pskov [Electronic resource]. Part two: About the Pskov princes, posadniks, thousand, governors-general, governors and provincial nobility leaders with the addition of various letters related to the history of Pskov / E. A. Bolkhovitinov. - Kyiv: In the printing house of the Kiev-Pechersk Lavra, 1831. - 144 p.
  6. History of the Principality of Pskov with the addition of the plan of the city of Pskov [Electronic resource]. Parts three and four / E. A. Bolkhovitinov. - Kyiv: In the printing house of the Kiev-Pechersk Lavra, 1831. - 177, 208 p.
  7. Description of the Pskov-Pechersk first-class monastery / op. E. Bolkhovitinova. - Dorpat: Printing house I.Kh. Shinman, 1832. - 63 p.
  8. Description of the Svyatogorsk Assumption Monastery. - [Derpt: b. i., 18--]. - 9 s.
  9. Abbreviated Pskov chronicle, selected from various Russian and foreign chronicles, and especially from Pskov [Electronic resource] / E. A. Bolkhovitinov. - Pskov: Otchina, 1993. - 87 p. : portrait
  10. Description of the Blagoveshchensk Nikandrova desert. - Pskov: [b. i., 2005]. - 30 s.
  11. History of the Principality of Pskov / Metropolitan Eugene (Bolkhovitinov). - Reissue. / Prepared by: N. F. Levin and T. V. Kruglova. - Pskov: Pskov Regional Printing House, 2009. - 412, p., l. portrait : ill. + 1 l. tab., 1 l. kart. - (Pskov Historical Library). - ISBN 978-5-94542-244-5.

LITERATURE ABOUT IT:

  1. Egorova, T.V. Metropolitan Eugene (Bolkhovitinov) and Pskov / T.V. Egorova // Pskov land, ancient and modern: abstract. report to scientific-practical. conf. - Pskov, 1994. - S. 69-72.
  2. Lagunin, I. I. Krypetsky St. John the Theologian Monastery. 500 years of history. Chapter III Before closing (XIX - I quarter of the XX centuries). From Bishop Eugene (Bolkhovitinov) to Hieromonk Savvaty / I. I. Lagunin // Pskov. - 2002. - No. 16. - P. 31-44; 2002. - No. 17. - 63-76; 2004. - No. 20. - S. 43-56. - Bibliography. in note.
  3. Kazakova, L. A. Evfimy Alekseevich Bolkhovitinov / L. A. Kazakova // Pskov region in literature. - Pskov, 2003. - S. 118-120.
  4. Mednikov, M. M. Researchers of the land of Pskov: [Metropolitan Eugene (E. A. Bolkhovitinov)] / M. M. Mednikov // Materials of the X scientific and practical conference of students of the Pskov region "Step into the future". - Pskov, 2005. - S. 9-11.
  5. Levin, N. F. Pre-revolutionary Pskov local historians and their publications / N. F. Levin // Temples and monasteries of the provincial Pskov: coll. dorev. publ. / comp. and ed. intro. Art. N. F. Levin. - Pskov, 2005. - S. 5-21.
  6. Levin, N. F. On the composition of the collection and the authors of publications: [Evfimy Alekseevich Bolkhovitinov (1767-1837) and his work on the study of the Pskov region] / N. F. Levin // Shrines and antiquities of the Pskov district according to pre-revolutionary sources / comp., auto entry N.F. Levin. - Pskov, 2006. - S. 10-11, 13, 16-17: from the portrait.
  7. Bobrovskaya, N. "And I'm calmer and happier in Pskov than I was anywhere before": walks around the city with ... Tatyana Mednikova / N. Bobrovskaya // Time - Pskov (Pskov). - 2008. - 1 Jan. - S. 5.
    To the 240th anniversary of the birth of Metropolitan Evgeny (Bolkhovitinov); the scientific secretary of the Museum-Reserve T.V. Mednikova tells about the Pskov period of his life and research on the history of Pskov, photo.
N. Yu. Chirkova, E. A. Shlyapnikova
Evgeny Bolkhovitinov - scientist and bishop

Chirkova N.Yu., Shlyapnikova E.A. Evgeny Bolkhovitinov - scientist and bishop // Questions of history. 2000. No. 11-12. pp. 128-134.

Metropolitan Eugene (Bolkhovitinov) was not only a high-ranking hierarch of the Russian Orthodox Church, but during his lifetime he enjoyed considerable respect as a public figure and scientist - popularizer of historical knowledge. He collaborated with the "Rumyantsev" circle, N. I. Novikov, G. R. Derzhavin, made a significant contribution to countering the mission of the Jesuit Gruber in Russia. By his own admission, he sometimes considered church duties an annoying distraction from scientific research. Bolkhovitinov was much engaged in putting the local archives in order, collecting and publishing handwritten materials, describing the history of individual localities, etc. The historian M.N. Pogodin characterized the state of Russian historical science at the end of the 18th century as follows: , did not indicate, did not put in order; the annals were not investigated, explained, even published in a scientific way; letters lay scattered in monasteries and archives; no one knew chronographs; not a single part of the history was processed - neither the history of the church, nor the history of law, nor the history of literature, trade, customs; .. the chronology is confused; .. there was no trace of archeology; not a single city, not a single principality had a decent history ". In this regard, the scientific activity of Bolkhovitinov was of great importance, and although it had all the shortcomings associated with the imperfection of the then Russian historical school, it paved the way for more serious research.
The future scientist and archpastor was born on December 18, 1767 in the family of the parish priest Alexei Andreevich Bolkhovitinov, and at baptism he was named Evfimy. Even in early childhood, he showed a good ear for music, and after the death of his father, at the age of nine, he was enrolled in the Bishops' Choir, which included in 1783. participated in the funeral of Tikhon of Zadonsk in the Zadonsk monastery. In 1785, having completed his studies at the Voronezh Theological Seminary, Evfimy Bolkhovitinov petitioned the Bishop of Voronezh Tikhon III to be allowed to study at the Moscow Theological Academy. It should be noted that at that time the Moscow Slavic-Greek-Latin Academy had already surpassed the Kyiv one and was especially exalted thanks to the patronage of the learned hierarch Metropolitan Platon (Levshin), who personally followed the course of the educational process.
At the Bolkhovitinov Academy he studied the full course of philosophy and theology, in addition - Greek and French; at the same time, he attended lectures at Moscow University on general moral philosophy and politics, experimental physics, general history, French eloquence and the German language. Attending lectures by outstanding university professors, combined with the study of languages, allowed him not only to follow the development of European science and literature, but also served as a serious basis for his scientific research.
The formation of Bolkhovitinov’s scientific interests was greatly facilitated by his acquaintance with the famous historian and archeographer, an experienced archivist N. N. Bantysh-Kamensky, who led his first steps in the scientific field and, in fact, was the only historical school for the young scientist. The influence of Bantysh-Kamensky on Bolkhovitinov was reflected not only in the choice of subject for scientific works- history, but also in the nature and direction of his future works: in a conscientious, although often petty, selection of facts, systematizing them according to outward signs, without proper criticism, etc. In addition, Evfimy Bolkhovitinov had another circle of friends. He became quite close friends with the "Friendly Scientific Society" of N. I. Novikov and became one of its members, made translations for him and proofread translated publications. The Novikov Society was the first Russian educational organization, and, perhaps, close contacts with it further influenced Bolkhovitinov's views.
After graduating from the academy in 1788, he was sent to the Voronezh Theological Seminary as a teacher of rhetoric, the Greek language, a course in Greek and Roman antiquities, church history and philosophy. It should be noted that the understanding of the importance of education came to Russia along with the penetration of the principles of European culture. The process of spreading education to a large extent turned out to be in the hands of the most educated layer - the clergy. The need for specialists in various areas forced them to draw mainly from among the students of theological schools and representatives of the clergy. Thus, the implementation of Catherine's provincial reform recruited thousands of seminarians into the administrative service. For folk and medical schools, Moscow University, personnel were sought in the same environment. As a result, according to the historian of the Russian church A. V. Kartashev, the upper classes of the St. Petersburg Seminary in 1788 were practically empty.
In the Catherine era, the church itself took a course towards deepening education in the spiritual educational institutions. Bolkhovitinov, being at first a teacher, and then a prefect and at the same time a Pavlovsk archpriest, collected a rich library at the Voronezh Seminary, which included the works of encyclopedists, modern magazines, the best works of domestic and foreign literature. Having shown himself to be a skilled teacher, he read, in addition to the disciplines listed above, also church eloquence and French, and also was engaged in arranging solemn seminary disputes, and from 1794 he began to act as rector. Given the merits, he was assigned a large salary: at the very beginning of his service, he received 160 rubles. (average salary 50-60 rubles), and subsequently - 260 or more.
Separately, it is worth mentioning the so-called Bolkhovitin circle. Its composition and the reasons for its formation were influenced, in particular, by unsettling relationships with seminary teachers. This happened due to the fact that Bolkhovitinov considered them to be bony and backward people, and they, in turn, did not like him for his mockery. Therefore, the circle of his contacts was made up of teachers of public schools, a local doctor and the director of county schools - G. A. Petrov. Members of this circle were engaged in the study of history, ethnography, literature and art. It was to this circle that the local printing house owed its development; in 1800, the first local history book "Historical, geographical and economic description of the Voronezh province" by Bolkhovitinov was printed in it. This work, based on numerous archival materials and handwritten sources, gave impetus to the study of the history of the Voronezh Territory and, in terms of the amount of historical, statistical and geographical data for a long time remained the best.
During the Voronezh period, Bolkhovitinov wrote many works on a wide variety of topics, among them: "The New Latin Alphabet", "On the Properties and Action of Air", "On the Difficulties of Natural Knowledge of God", "Discourse on the Need for the Greek Language for Theology and on the Special Benefits of It for the Russian language"; in addition, he wrote the first biography of St. Tikhon of Zadonsk and many other works. Apparently, at the same time he made an attempt to write "Russian History", but the work was not completed, probably due to a lack of sources, and in the future Bolkhovitinov preferred to study the history of individual regions or objects. Judging by his letters to friends, during this period he was weighed down by his loneliness: "I would rightly marry myself now, if only a pretty bride came across." On November 4, 1793, he married the daughter of the Lipetsk merchant Rastorguev Anna Antonovna and received the priesthood. Despite a rather calm attitude towards his own marriage ("Do not think of me as a married man, because I myself sometimes forget it. My wife takes no more than a quarter of an hour a day"). The sudden death of his children and wife (in 1798-1799) made a deep impression on him.
According to the memoirs of Count M. D. Buturlin, the deep grief that Bolkhovitinov indulged in prompted his friends to persuade him to accept monasticism. Responding to their persuasion, Bolkhovitinov agreed to move to St. Petersburg and become a monk there. March 9, 1800 he took the tonsure under the name Eugene. Bolkhovitinov took the very rite of tonsure indifferently and even skeptically: “The next day, a decree was received from the Holy Synod to tonsure me. And to another addressee: "On March 9, the monks, like spiders, entangled me in a black cassock, mantle and hood in the morning."
Bolkhovitinov longed for Voronezh for a long time: "It's boring, hard, it hurts me to remember Voronezh, but what can I do," especially since the new posts left him little time to study science. He was appointed prefect of the Alexander Nevsky Theological Academy, where he taught philosophy, higher eloquence, church history and theology. At the same time, he was the rector of the Zelenepsky Monastery and was determined to be present in the St. Petersburg Consistory, and in 1802. named archimandrite of the St. Petersburg Sergius Hermitage.
In connection with his professional activities, Bolkhovitinov writes in 1800. on behalf of the head of the St. Petersburg diocese, Ambrose (Podobedov), a work that has a clear publicist fuse - a note "On the illegality and groundlessness of papal power in christian church". The religious and theocratic moods of Paul I, caused by a reassessment of his own role in protecting Catholics who were persecuted as a result of the French Revolution and Napoleon's policies, opened the door to the penetration of Catholic influence into Russia. This was expressed, in particular, in the adoption by the Russian emperor of the title of Master of the Order of Malta and the reception of the Jesuit order in Russia. Pavel's special patronage was enjoyed by the Jesuit Gruber, who actively promoted the idea of ​​reuniting Catholicism and Orthodoxy in the spirit of the Florence Council, which could not but cause concern in church circles. Bolkhovitinov's note was an integral part of the efforts of the Russian hierarchs to counter this initiative. In connection with its publication, Bolkhovitinov had fears for own destiny because of the proximity of the Jesuit representative to the emperor. But this speech did not noticeably affect the position of Eugene and Gruber, but the Jesuit project still did not receive the support of the emperor.
At the beginning of the reign of Alexander I, an issue that occupied not only the clergy, but the whole society, imbued with a reformist spirit, was the reform of education. The shortcomings of spiritual education and the need for material support for theological schools have been generally recognized since the time of Catherine. Many researchers point out that the idea of ​​spiritual and educational reform was put forward as early as 1803 by Eugene, who was also instructed by Metropolitan Ambrose to develop a project for such a reform. Bolkhovitinov compiled the "Destination for the Transformation of Theological Schools", where he mainly developed the educational and administrative parts of the project, in general terms considering the most fundamental points; it was the first step in the preparation of the reform.
Eugene advocated a reduction in the role of Latin, including in the teaching of philosophy and theology, as well as for making academic education more scientific, rather than didactic, in nature. The academies, like universities, were to become centers of theological educational districts and acquire the authority to supervise theological schools of the highest and lowest levels, as well as in the field of spiritual censorship. In these theses of the young bishop, along with a high assessment of the role of science, the spirit of the reforms that by that time had been carried out in secular educational institutions was reflected. Despite the fact that Yevgeny's work was conservative in nature, it aroused dissatisfaction with opponents of any kind of change, however, many expressed sympathy for the project. It must be said that later Eugene's project fell into the hands of the Committee for the Improvement of Theological Schools, and from there, in a very different form from its original form, it passed into reality.
Eugene, despite the abundance of administrative duties, did not leave scientific studies, finding topics for work everywhere. In 1802 he became close friends with Archbishop Varlaam. From their evening conversations, one of the first books about Georgia was born - "Historical Image of Georgia in its political, ecclesiastical and educational state", which for a long time served as one of the main sources for studying Georgia both in Russia and in Europe. In 1804 Bolkhovitinov was highly granted and chrismated to the rank of Bishop of Starorussky, vicar of Novgorod. There, in Novgorod, another side of his activity was opened, namely, the work of finding, saving and preserving handwritten materials. In his letters, he often talks about how many priceless manuscripts he met in the most unexpected places: rotting in some barn or even in an open-air yard, dumped in a heap somewhere in basements or attics, etc. He searched for ancient manuscripts and in provincial monasteries and archives. In particular, he found the original letter of grant of Mstislav Vladimirovich to the Yuryev Monastery.
Perhaps one of the most interesting acquaintances of his life, with G. R. Derzhavin, belongs to the Novgorod period of Yevgeny’s life. The meeting took place around 1805. through the mediation of Count D. I. Khvostov and continued until the death of the poet. The Metropolitan often visited Derzhavin at his estate, Zvanka. The poet dedicated several of his poems to Bolkhovitinov, the most remarkable and extensive of them - "Eugene. Life of Zvanskaya." Their correspondence was not only friendly, but also scientific. Derzhavin provided Yevgeny with data for his "Dictionary of Russian Writers", and he, in turn, often advised the poet on historical issues.
It should be noted that back in 1801, Count Khvostov, one of the editors of the journal "Friend of Education", began to collect materials for the dictionary of Russian writers and subsequently, possibly, handed them over to Bolkhovitinov, in any case, the latter's papers contain notes and materials, made by Khvostov's hand. In 1804 Eugene receives Khvostov's offer to participate in the publication of "Druga Enlightenment", in response he writes: "Your Excellency's offer to participate in the journal "Druga Enlightenment" I accept willingly and with gratitude. I promise, if not every month, then at least two month to submit to Your Excellency one article each on Russian Literary History, which I love for the most part and for which I already have several notes. From this letter, we can conclude that Eugene began to collect materials before the count's proposal was received. This is also evidenced by his next letter: "The life of Knyaznin is written out from my dictionary." In subsequent letters to Khvostov, Bolkhovitinov formulated the principle of material selection: he took into account mostly deceased writers, often relying on their own biographies or the testimonies of contemporaries.
In November of the same year, Bolkhovitinov already wrote about his intention to publish notes about writers in the form of a dictionary, publishing them in the journal in alphabetical order. As far as can be judged from his letters, the dictionary was still very "raw" at that time. Evgeny often turned to Khvostov and others with a request for a biography of a person or an autobiography. He borrowed some biographies from N.I. Novikov's "Experience of a Historical Dictionary of Russian Writers" (1772), but these articles were radically revised by him. Worried about possible factual errors, Bolkhovitinov gave the manuscript for preview to Bantysh-Kamensky, however, due to poor proofreading, which Evgeny repeatedly pointed out to Khvostov in letters, it was not possible to avoid numerous printing errors.
This circumstance subsequently influenced Evgeny's refusal to publish in the journal and the decision to publish his work as a separate publication. Khvostov approached him several times with a proposal to publish the dictionary separately at the printing house of Moscow University, but Bolkhovitinov refused: "I will better review and correct my already printed errors and will publish my own work in due course." Later, he sent his work under the title "Historical Dictionary of Russian and Foreign Writers, with the addition of many news in general to the scientific, civil and church history of Russia related" to the Moscow Society of Russian History and Antiquities, but the dictionary was never published.
In 1818, with the support of Count N.P. Rumyantsev, a separate part of the Dictionary was published only about writers of the clergy, but both the count and Eugene himself were dissatisfied with this edition due to the disgusting carelessness of the publication. Rumyantsev ordered even to destroy the title pages, where his coat of arms was usually placed, if the publications owed their appearance to him. Nevertheless, the dictionary was met with interest and subsequently reprinted several times. By the way, contacts with Rumyantsev were not limited to this unfortunate incident for Bolkhovitinov. Later, the latter took an active part in the so-called Rumyantsev circle, which was an unofficial association of researchers, often fanatically passionate about science, whose activities were mostly funded by Rumyantsev.
It should be noted that Count Rumyantsev deserves the name of a patron of Russian science. In addition to Bolkhovitinov, his circle included such prominent representatives of Russian history as P. M. Stroev, K. F. Kalaidovich and many others. etc. But despite the long and extensive correspondence with Rumyantsev, Evgeny stood aside from the main events of the society (probably, the influence of the first unsuccessful contacts affected). Nevertheless, over the years, Bolkhovitinov maintained constant contact with the circle, helping colleagues with advice, supplying them with information, ideas, sharing new discoveries with them, etc. Perhaps that is why the historiographic tradition invariably names Evgeny among the active participants in the "Rumyantsev" circle. By this time, Bolkhovitinov was becoming a fairly well-known scientist, and various scientific societies vied with each other to offer him to join their ranks. Since 1805, he was elected an honorary member of Moscow University, an honorary member of the Medico-Surgical Academy, an honorary member of the St. Petersburg Society of Lovers of Sciences, Literature and Arts, a member of the St. Petersburg Society for the Conversation of Lovers of the Russian Word, a member of the Society of Russian History and Antiquities, a member of the Moscow Society of Lovers of Literature and many others. others
In 1813, after being the Bishop of Vologda (1808 - 1813), Bolkhovitinov was transferred to the Kaluga diocese. It was badly devastated by the Napoleonic invasion, so Eugene had to do a lot of restoring the devastated churches and monasteries, establishing church administration, etc. And yet, the first thing he did was to look around the local seminary and library, where he found many books "especially ... old." Soon, at his insistence, a new charter of the seminary was introduced, teachers from St. Petersburg were involved. The abundance of administrative worries distracted him from scientific works and, probably, therefore, the Kaluga diocese was the only one about whose history he did not write anything. In the rest of the dioceses, where he had to live on duty, he conscientiously researched local historical monuments and published works on the history of these areas. In addition to the description of the Voronezh province already mentioned above, this includes descriptions of the Vologda and Kiev dioceses, descriptions of various monasteries, the history of the principality of Pskov, the works "On the antiquities of Novgorod", "On the antiquities of Vologda and Zyryansk", "Chronicle of the ancient Slavic city of Izborsk", etc.
Bolkhovitinov's activity in the Kyiv diocese, of which he was appointed metropolitan in April 1822, deserves special attention. Here he showed his qualities of an administrator and a scientist. He vigilantly followed the life of his diocese, knew how to respond in time to the requests of the flock and was able to do a lot to raise the level of education of the local clergy. He also zealously observed the course of youth education, personally participating in year-long tests not only in the seminary, but also in Kyiv district religious schools. In all the educational institutions in which he was involved, under his direct supervision and with the liveliest participation, students wrote serious works concerning general and church history and theological problems. As for the Kyiv department, it opened before him a wide field of activity in all areas and parts of management and made it possible to apply his versatile abilities and knowledge. At his insistence, a Conference was opened at the Kyiv Theological Academy - a kind of scientific community engaged in scientific and literary activities, Eugene became its chairman. To encourage students of the academy to scientific activities, he established a scholarship for the best written works on Russian history.
Kievan antiquities, of course, could not be ignored by the metropolitan. Eugene became the true organizer and leader of the excavations of the Church of the Tithes; he restored the original plan of the building from the remains of its foundation. The famous St. Sophia Cathedral is dedicated to his work "Description of the Kiev-Sophia Cathedral and the Kiev hierarchy with the addition of various letters and extracts explaining it, as well as plans and facades of the Constantinople and Kiev St. Sophia churches and Yaroslav's gravestone." Among other works on the history of the diocese, it is worth noting the "History of the Kiev-Pechersk Lavra and its description", an addition to this work "The Kiev Monthly Book, with the addition various articles relating to Russian history and the Kievan hierarchy" and "On Antiquities Found in Kyiv in 1824".
Simultaneously with his appointment as metropolitan, Bolkhovitinov was also appointed a member of the Holy Synod, took part in church and political life. In particular, he directly participated in the December events of 1825. Together with Metropolitan Seraphim of St. Petersburg, he went to the square to the rebels with calls to retreat, but the efforts of the hierarchs were unsuccessful. Bolkhovitinov sharply spoke out in his sermons against the views of the Decembrists, attacking in particular their judgments about equality: “In the most inanimate realm of the material world, one thing has some advantage over another by God himself. which among themselves seems more diverse than all creatures? According to Bolkhovitinov, equality “is not only contrary to God’s predestination, but to the most sound mind, the most true rightness and benefit of people. estate with the one who plundered it, the honest with the dishonest, the wicked with the pious?" .
Despite such conservative, at first glance, beliefs, Evgeny's worldview was characterized by non-standard judgments on many issues, the absence of stereotypes. "The Church Fathers are not our teachers in physics," he said. Perhaps that is why he was not bypassed by the punishing sword of censorship. When Eugene in 1813-1815. published a translation of the "Catalogue" of Sellius, made on his initiative, the censor saw in this book unseemly judgments about the Orthodox Church and demanded that they be removed. Acquaintance with the mores of censorship did not leave Bolkhovitinov indifferent, and he repeatedly spoke out in defense of its other victims.
Mine life path Bolkhovitinov graduated as Metropolitan of Kyiv and Galicia in 1837. Published obituaries noted his tireless work for the benefit of both the church and science. Wherever he appeared, he hurried to put the local archives in order, to find and publish previously unknown historical materials. Through the collection and primary processing of materials, Eugene made a huge contribution to the development of historical science, preparing the basis for the generations of scientists that followed him. Many of his own works have made a significant contribution to science. His dictionaries laid a solid foundation for the study of literary history. In addition, he left a noticeable mark in such branches of science as general and church history, archeology, philology, philosophy, geography and even medicine and physics.
According to the will of Yevgeny Bolkhovitinov, his body was buried in the Sretensky limit of the Kyiv St. Sophia Cathedral.

Notes

1. POLETAEV N. I. The development of Russian historical science in the first half of the 19th century. SPb. 1892, p. 1.
2. Kartashov A. V. Essays on the history of the Russian church. T. 2. M. 1992, p. 540.
3. Letters to Selivanovskiy S.I. dated August 3 and December 22, 1793 - Bibliographic notes, 1859, N 3, stb. 69, 71.
4. Notes of Count Mikhail Dmitrievich Buturlin. - Russian archive, 1897, N 2-3, p. 235; Letter to the Macedonian V. I. dated March 15, 1800 - Ibid., 1870, stb. 771; letter to G. A. Petrov dated March 12, 1800 - Ibid., 1873, stb. 389.
5. Letter to the Macedonian V. I. dated February 17, 1800 - Ibid., 1870, stb. 769.
6. Letters to D. I. Khvostov dated February 17 and March 9, 1804. In: Collection of articles read in the Department of the Russian Language and Literature of the Imperial Academy of Sciences. T. V. Issue. 1. St. Petersburg. 1868, p. 97-98.
7. BYCHKOV R. F. On the dictionaries of Russian writers of Metropolitan Eugene. Ibid, p. 221; Letter to D.I. Khvostov dated April 19, 1805. Ibid., p. 118, 137.
8. Collection of instructive words. Kyiv. 1834, part 4, p. 21.

Evfimy Alekseevich Bolkhovitinov

Bolkhovitinov Evfimiy Alekseevich (monastic Eugene) (1767-1837) - Metropolitan of Kiev and Galicia, historian. Genus. in Voronezh in the family of a priest. He studied at the Voronezh Theological Seminary (1778-1784). During my studies I served as a house. teacher to Count D. P. Buturlin, who later helped his career. He graduated from the Slavic-Greek-Latin Academy (1788), at the same time attended lectures in Moscow. un-te, moonlighted as a proofreader in the printing house of P. M. Ponomarev. He became close to the circle of the famous writer, publisher of satirical magazines N. I. Novikov, under whose influence he began his literary work. activity. In 1789 he returned to Voronezh, worked as a teacher, librarian, then became rector of the Voronezh Theological Seminary. labor, translations, the study of history. After the death of his wife and children in 1799, he moved to St. Petersburg and became a monk. From 1800 - a teacher of philosophy, higher eloquence and prefect [Prefect - the highest official.] of the Alexander Nevsky Theological Academy. Subsequently, he held high church positions in Novgorod (1804-1808), Vologda (1808-1813), Kaluga (1813-1816), Pskov (1816-1822). From 1822 - Metropolitan of Kiev and Galicia, member of the Synod. Dec 14 1825 "on behalf of the highest" on the Senate Square called the rebels to submission, then took part in the trial of them. He was a member of the Imp. Academy of Sciences, Society of Russian History and Antiquities, was an honorary member of a number of scientific. about-in and high fur boots. Actively worked in the "Rumyantsev circle" ["Rumyantsev circle" - a circle of historians (E. A. Bolkhovitinov, A. Kh. Vostokov, K. F. Kalaidovich, P. M. Stroev, etc.), grouped around the famous collector of antiquities Count N. P. Rumyantsev.], examined the archives and libraries of churches and monasteries. Being a bishop in Vologda (1808-1813), he wrote a number of works on the history of the region and the diocese. The work of B.'s entire life was the creation of the "Dictionary of Russian Writers", which he published only partially (Historical Dictionary about writers of the spiritual rank who were in Russia ... St. Petersburg, 1818. Vol. 1-2); the full text of the "Dictionary" was later published by MP Pogodin.

Reprinted from http://www.booksite.ru/.

Bolkhovitinov Evfimiy Alekseevich (in monasticism - Eugene) (1767 - 23.II.1837) - Russian historian, archeographer and bibliographer. In pre-revolutionary literature, it is usually listed as "Metropolitan Eugene". In 1822-1837 - Metropolitan of Kiev. The scientific activity of Bolkhovitinov is connected with the circle of Count N. P. Rumyantsev, which united the most prominent specialists in Russian history, and the Moscow Society of Russian History and Antiquities. Collected and published a huge amount of archival materials. Historical and local history works of Bolkhovitinov, the variety of themes of which (mainly of local importance) is associated with his career moves, have retained their value to this day thanks to the abundant factual material. These include: "Historical, geographical and economic description of the Voronezh province" (1800, arose in connection with the questionnaire of the Free Economic Society and occupies a special place in the works of B.), "Historical Image of Georgia" (St. Petersburg, 1802), "Historical talk about Antiquities of Veliky Novgorod" (1808), "History of the Principality of Pskov" (parts 1-4, 1881). Bolkhovitinov is the author of major bio-bibliographic works: "The Historical Dictionary of the Writers of the Spiritual Order of the Greek-Russian Church who were in Russia" (1818, 2nd ed., 1827), "The Dictionary of Russian Secular Writers, Compatriots and Strangers Who Wrote about Russia" (vol. 1 -2, 1845). In Kyiv, he led the archaeological excavations that led to the discovery of the foundation of the Church of the Tithes, the Golden Gate, etc.

Soviet historical encyclopedia. In 16 volumes. - M.: Soviet Encyclopedia. 1973-1982. Volume 2. BAAL - WASHINGTON. 1962.

Literature: Shmurlo E., Metropolitan Eugene as a scientist, St. Petersburg, 1888; Zdobnov N.V., History of Russian. bibliography up to the beginning. XX century, 3rd ed., M., 1955.

Eugene (in the world Evfimy Alekseevich Bolkhovitinov) (18 (29). 12.1767, Voronezh - 23.02 (07.03. 1837, Kyiv) - Orthodox church figure, historian, archaeographer, bibliographer. He was educated at the Voronezh Theological Seminary (1778-1884) and the Moscow Slavic-Greek-Latin Academy (1784-1788). Since 1789 - teacher, then rector of the Voronezh Theological Seminary. In 1800 he became a monk, becoming a teacher of philosophy, eloquence and prefect of the Alexander Nevsky Theological Seminary in St. Petersburg. He successively served as vicar of Novgorod (since 1804), bishop of Vologda (since 1808), Kaluga (since 1813), Pskov (since 1816), metropolitan of Kiev (since 1822), was a member of the Russian Academy and the Society of Russian History and Antiquities. Before being ordained a monk, Eugene was fond of Western European enlighteners, in particular he translated the book. F. Fenelon " Short description life of ancient philosophers. His views contained hopes for the omnipotence of the human mind. However, under the influence of his teachers Plato (Levshin) and Tikhon Zadonsky, Evgeny already in one of his first works - in the preface to L. Kokle's book "An eulogy for something" (1787) directly recognizes the Divine "nothing", based on the apophatic tradition of the Orthodox philosophy. In the 90s, he applied the method of anagogy put forward by Plato to humanities especially to history. His hermeneutical course is marked by close attention to "the ability to penetrate the spirit of the subject" and "search for the mysterious meaning in individual words and combinations of words." After the adoption of monasticism (as a result of the death of his wife and three children), the main theme of the writings of Eugene becomes synergistic (see Synergism) "genius" or "spirit" as a "natural ability", not acquired either by "experience" or "diligence". This approach is most clearly expressed in his assessments of the work of persons included in his main work - "The Dictionary of Spiritual Writers of Russia" (1805-1827). For example, in an article about his teacher, he emphasizes the "elevation and fruitfulness of his own thoughts", which were inherent in the young Plato, and then - the dependence of his work. from the Word of God. His historical research is characterized by great empirical richness without an attempt to create a general system-forming idea. Thus, the anagogical caution in relation to the "reader's spirit" - without imposing on it any concepts that deprive it of the possibility of other interpretations. This position also determined the conservative beliefs of E. with his consistent rejection of any "novelty" social theories, which, from his point of view, sought primarily to suppress the creative potential of a person and subordinate him to the "letter" of the new teaching.

P. V. Kalitin

Russian philosophy. Encyclopedia. Ed. the second, modified and supplemented. Under the general editorship of M.A. Olive. Comp. P.P. Apryshko, A.P. Polyakov. - M., 2014, 182.

Works: Historical Dictionary about writers of the spiritual rank of the Greek-Russian Church who were in Russia // Friend of Education. 1805 (separate ed. 1818, 1827, 1995); Dictionary of Russian secular writers. M., 1845. T. 1-2; Collection of instructive words at different times ... Ch. 1-4, Kyiv, 1834.

Literature: Grotto Ya.K. Correspondence between Evgeny and Derzhavin. SPb., 1868; Bychkov A.F., On the dictionaries of Russian writers of Metropolitan Eugene. SPb., 1868; Speransky D. Scientific activity of Eugene // Russian Bulletin. 1885. No. 4-6; Shmurlo E. F. Metropolitan Eugene as a scientist. Early years of life. 1767-1804; SPb., 1888; Poletaev N. I. Proceedings of the Metropolitan Kievsky Evgeny Bolkhovitinov on the history of the Russian Church. Kazan, 1889; Chistovich IA Leading figures of spiritual education in the first half of the current century. SPb., 1894.

Read further:

Philosophers, Lovers of Wisdom (Chronos biographical guide).

Russian national philosophy in the writings of its creators (special project of CHRONOS)

Literature:

Ivanovsky A. His Eminence Eugene, Metropolitan of Kiev and Galicia: Sat. materials for the biography of Metropolitan Eugene. St. Petersburg, 1871;

Kononko E. N. Bolkhovitinov Evfimy Alekseevich // Dictionary of Russian Writers of the 18th century. Issue. 1. L., 1988. S. 119-121;

Zhukovskaya L.P. Bolkhovitinov Evfimy Alekseevich // Slavic studies in pre-revolutionary Russia. M., 1979. S. 81-82;

Shmurlo E., Metropolitan Eugene as a scientist, St. Petersburg, 1888; Zdobnov N.V., History of Russian. bibliography up to the beginning. XX century, 3rd ed., M., 1955.



error: Content is protected!!