Evacuation signs and medical sanitary purposes. Medical and sanitary safety signs
GOST R 12.2.143 gives the following determining the evacuation plan and evacuation routes:
- evacuation plan: A pre-developed plan (scheme), which indicates evacuation routes, evacuation and emergency exits, establishes rules of behavior for people, the order and sequence of actions in an emergency.
- escape route: A safe path to an emergency exit or location of life-saving equipment when evacuating people.
Thus, evacuation plans, as graphic representations of the main routes for rescuing people in emergency situations (fire, accident, man-made disaster, threat or commission of a terrorist act), are one of the most important elements of the management system for the preparedness of organizations to overcome emergency situations and eliminate their consequences . The requirement to prepare and maintain plans and procedures for dealing with emergency situations is contained in the international standards ISO 14001:2004 (clause 4.4.7), OHSAS 18001 (clause 4.4.7), ILO manual ILO-OSH 2001 (clause 3.10. 3).
Based on the content of these concepts and other requirements of GOST R 12.2.143, NPKF ELEKTON develops and produces evacuation plans for various organizations based on its own original technology and electronic database of elements. Among our customers for evacuation plans are the Ministry of Labor (Ministry of Health and Social Development) of the Russian Federation, the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, Regional Labor Inspectorates, various structures of OJSC Gazprom, RAO UES, the State Duma of the Russian Federation, foreign companies operating in Russia. At the same time, according to customer requirements, evacuation plans are prepared with texts in two or more languages.
Some useful provisions of the GOST R 12.2.143 standard on evacuation plans:
4.6 Evacuation plans should be developed for all buildings, structures, vehicles and objects in accordance with the requirements of 6.7 standard, GOST 12.1.004 (regarding organizational and technical measures to ensure fire safety under clause 3.3 and section 4), Fire Safety Rules ( PPB 01), Rules and Guidelines for ensuring safety at sea and other regulatory documents establishing requirements for the protection of human life and provision of evacuation.
4.6.1 The developed evacuation plans are coordinated with the territorial division of the State Fire Service, approved by the head of the organization and are the basis for their reproduction, including in photoluminescent design, and hanging in prominent places.
4.6.2 Evacuation plans should be used to:
- systematic training and instruction of personnel rules of conduct in case of possible evacuation;
Drawing attention to escape routes and people's orientation located in a building, structure, vehicle or object [dormitories, hotels, hospitals, passenger cars, sea (river) vessels, etc.];
- for the purpose of organizing evacuation and rescue in the event of an emergency;
Carrying out rescue operations work in the process of eliminating an emergency situation.
In buildings, structures and facilities where people reside, the presence of evacuation plans in case of fire or other emergencies is a mandatory fire safety requirement(Fire safety rules in the Russian Federation PPB 01-03).
Purpose of the evacuation plan:
Clearly designate escape routes, emergency exits that ensure the safety of the process of organized independent movement of people out of rooms in which there is a possibility of exposure to dangerous fire factors, without taking into account the fire extinguishing and smoke protection means used in them;
- indicate the location of fire equipment and fire warning systems;
- remind about priority actions, which must be taken by every person who discovers a fire has started.
In accordance with the requirements of these PPB 01-03, in buildings and structures (except residential buildings) when more than 10 people are on the floor at a time, plans (schemes) for evacuation of people in case of fire must be developed and posted in prominent places.
In all production, administrative, warehouse and auxiliary premises, signs indicating the fire department telephone number must be posted in visible places.
At facilities with large numbers of people (50 or more people), in addition to a schematic plan for evacuating people in case of fire, instructions must be developed. The instructions determine the actions of personnel to ensure the safe and rapid evacuation of people. According to this instruction, practical training of all those involved to ensure the evacuation of workers must be conducted at least once every six months.
Evacuation plans, are diagrams that show the internal contours of rooms, corridors, flights of stairs in buildings and structures where people can be and work. On these diagrams, symbols (elements) indicate evacuation routes, evacuation and emergency exits, locations of fire-fighting equipment, emergency telephones, first aid equipment and additional rescue equipment (for example, rope ladders, stretchers, gas masks, etc.). On evacuation plans, all symbols used on them are deciphered, as well as established rules of behavior of people, the order and sequence of their actions in an emergency (emergency) situation.
Evacuation plans are applied to a hard medium, for example, photoluminescent plastic, so that it glows in the dark after an emergency shutdown of electric lighting, or is drawn up on regular plastic in the case of evacuation plans in places that do not require additional lighting or where there are no people in the dark.
Preface
- Developed by the Scientific, Production and Commercial Company "Electon".
Introduced by the Ministry of Labor and Social Development of the Russian Federation. - Adopted and put into effect by Resolution of the State Standard of Russia dated September 19, 2001 N 387-st.
- This standard is harmonized with international standards ISO 3461-88, ISO 3864-84, ISO 4196-99, ISO 6309-87, national standards DIN 67510-96, DIN 67520-99, VBG 125 Regulation (Germany, 1995) and contains additional requirements reflecting the needs of the country's economy.
- Introduced for the first time.
1 area of use
This standard applies to signal colors, safety signs and signal markings for industrial, public and other economic activities of people, industrial, public facilities and other places where safety is necessary. The standard was developed to prevent accidents, reduce injuries and occupational diseases, eliminate danger to life, harm to human health, and the risk of fires or accidents.
The standard does not apply to:
- colors used for light signaling of all types of transport, vehicles and road traffic;
- colors, signs and markings of cylinders, pipelines, containers for storing and transporting gases and liquids;
- road signs and markings, track and signal signs of railways, signs to ensure traffic safety of all types of transport (except for safety signs for lifting and transport mechanisms, in-plant, passenger and public transport);
- signs and markings of dangerous goods, cargo units requiring special conditions of transportation and storage;
- signs for electrical engineering.
The standard states:
- purpose, rules of application and characteristics of signal colors;
- purpose, rules of application, types and designs, color graphics, dimensions, technical requirements and characteristics, test methods for safety signs;
- purpose, rules of application, types and designs, color graphics, dimensions, technical requirements and characteristics, test methods for signal markings.
The use of signal colors, safety signs and signal markings is mandatory for all organizations on the territory of the Russian Federation, regardless of their forms of ownership and organizational and legal forms.
2. Normative references
- Instead of GOST 8.023-90, Resolution of the State Standard of the Russian Federation dated September 26, 2003 N 269-st, introduced GOST 8.023-2003 on May 1, 2004.
- GOST 8.023-2003. State system for ensuring the uniformity of measurements. State verification scheme for means of measuring light quantities of continuous and pulsed radiation
- (as amended by Amendment No. 1, approved by Order of Rostekhregulirovaniya dated July 23, 2009 No. 259-st)
- GOST 8.205-90. State system for ensuring the uniformity of measurements. State verification scheme for measuring instruments of color coordinates and chromaticity coordinates
- GOST 12.1.018-93. System of occupational safety standards. Fire and explosion safety of static electricity. General requirements
- GOST 12.1.044-89 (ISO 4589-84). System of occupational safety standards. Fire and explosion hazard of substances and materials. Nomenclature of indicators and methods for their determination
- GOST 12.4.040-78. System of occupational safety standards. Production equipment controls. Designations
- GOST 7721-89. Light sources for color measurements. Types. Technical requirements. Marking
- GOST 9733.3-83. Textile materials. Test method for color fastness to light under artificial lighting conditions (xenon lamp)
- GOST 14192-96. Cargo marking
- GOST 15140-78. Paint and varnish materials. Methods for determining adhesion
- GOST 15150-69. Machines, instruments and other technical products. Versions for different climatic regions. Categories, operating, storage and transportation conditions regarding the impact of environmental climatic factors
- GOST 17677-82 (IEC 598-1-86, IEC 598-2-1-79, IEC 598-2-2-79, IEC 598-2-4-79, IEC 598-2-19-81). Lamps. General technical conditions
- GOST 17925-72. Radiation hazard sign
- GOST 18321-73. Statistical quality control. Methods for random selection of samples of piece goods
- GOST 18620-86. Electrical products. Marking
- GOST 19433-88. Dangerous cargo. Classification and labeling
- GOST 19822-88. Production containers. Specifications
- GOST 20477-86. Polyethylene tape with a sticky layer. Specifications
- GOST 23198-94. Electric lamps. Methods for measuring spectral and color characteristics
- GOST 23216-78. Electrical products. Storage, transportation, temporary anti-corrosion protection and packaging. General requirements and test methods
- GOST 25779-90. Toys. General safety requirements and control methods
- GOST 29319-92 (ISO 3668-76). Paint and varnish materials. Visual color comparison method
- GOST 30402-96. Construction materials. Flammability test method
- GOST R 41.27-2001 (UNECE Rules No. 27). Uniform provisions concerning the approval of warning triangles
- TU 6-10-1449-92. Card file of samples (standards) of color of paints and varnishes. Specifications
- SNiP 23-05-95. Construction norms and rules of the Russian Federation. Natural and artificial lighting
- GOST R 12.2.143-2009. System of occupational safety standards. Photoluminescent evacuation systems. Requirements and control methods
3. Definitions
In this standard, the following terms with corresponding definitions apply:
3.1. Signal color: a color designed to attract people's attention to immediate or possible danger, working units of equipment, machines, mechanisms and (or) structural elements that may be sources of dangerous and (or) harmful factors, fire equipment, fire-fighting and other protection means , safety signs and signal markings.
3.2. Contrasting color: color for enhancing visual perception and highlighting safety signs and signal markings against the surrounding background, creating graphic symbols and explanatory inscriptions.
3.3. Safety sign: a color graphic image of a certain geometric shape using signal and contrasting colors, graphic symbols and (or) explanatory inscriptions, intended to warn people about immediate or possible danger, prohibit, order or permit certain actions, as well as for information about the location of objects and means, the use of which eliminates or reduces the impact of hazardous and (or) harmful factors.
3.4. Fire safety sign: a safety sign designed to regulate human behavior in order to prevent a fire, as well as to indicate the location of fire protection equipment, warning devices, instructions, permission or prohibition of certain actions in the event of a fire (fire).
3.5. Signal marking: a color graphic image using signal and contrasting colors, applied to surfaces, structures, walls, railings, equipment, machines, mechanisms (or their elements), tapes, chains, posts, racks, barriers, shields, etc. for hazard identification purposes and for guidance and information.
3.6. Luminescence: glow (emission of light) of a material that is in a nonequilibrium (excited) state due to the energy of external influence (optical, electrical, mechanical, etc.) or due to energy of internal origin (chemical and biochemical reactions and transformations).
3.7. Photoluminescence: luminescence excited by the action of external quanta of light, in which the frequencies of the quanta and the spectrum of the emitted light change in comparison with the frequencies of the quanta and the spectrum of the exciting light.
3.8. Luminous material: material that has the property of luminescence.
3.9. Non-luminous material: a material that does not have the property of luminescence and is capable of reflecting (scattering) incident or penetrating natural or artificial light without changing the frequencies of its constituent quanta, but with a possible change in its spectrum.
3.10. Retroreflective material: a material containing optical elements (spherical or flat-faced) that reflect (return) the light incident on them in directions close to the direction of incidence of the light.
3.11. Retroreflectivity coefficient R", cd/(lx x m2) or mcd/(lx x m2): the ratio of the light intensity I reflected by the retroreflective material in the direction opposite to the direction of incidence of light to the normal illumination of the surface and the illuminated surface area A; determined by formula
, (1)
where is the observation angle;
- lighting angle;
- angle of rotation.
3.12. Photoluminescent material: a material that has the property of photoluminescence, which can appear both during excitation and for some time after the end of excitation by light of natural or artificial origin.
3.13 - 3.14. Excluded. - Change No. 1, approved. By Order of Rostekhregulirovaniya dated July 23, 2009 N 259-Art.
3.15. Luminance contrast k: The ratio of the luminance of the contrast color to the luminance of the signal color.
Note. Brightness contrast k is determined only for white contrasting color of safety signs and signal markings with internal electric lighting.
4. General provisions
4.1. The purpose of signal colors, safety signs and signal markings is to ensure a clear understanding of certain requirements relating to safety, preservation of life and health of people, reduction of material damage, without the use of words or with a minimum number of them.
Signal colors, safety signs and signal markings should be used to attract the attention of people located at industrial, public facilities and other places to danger, a dangerous situation, warnings in order to avoid danger, messages about a possible outcome in case of neglect of the danger, instructions or requirements certain actions, as well as to communicate the necessary information.
4.2. The use of signal colors, safety signs and signal markings at industrial, public facilities and other places does not replace the need for organizational and technical measures to ensure safety conditions, the use of individual and collective protective equipment, training and safety instructions.
4.3. The employer or administration of the organization must, taking into account the requirements of this standard:
- - determine the types and locations of danger at industrial, public facilities and other places based on safety conditions;
- - indicate types of danger, dangerous places and possible dangerous situations with signal colors, safety signs and signal markings;
- - select appropriate safety signs (if necessary, select the text of explanatory inscriptions on safety signs);
- - determine the sizes, types and designs, degree of protection and placement (installation) of safety signs and signal markings;
- - use safety signs to indicate the location of personal safety equipment and means that help reduce possible material damage in the event of a fire, accident or other emergency.
4.4. Monitoring compliance with the requirements for the use and placement of signal colors, safety signs and signal markings at objects and places is carried out in accordance with current legislation.
4.5. Painting of components and elements of equipment, machines, mechanisms, etc. paints and varnishes of signal colors and the application of signal markings on them must be carried out by the manufacturer. If necessary, additional painting and application of signal markings to equipment, machines, mechanisms, etc., in operation, is carried out by the organization operating this equipment, machines, mechanisms.
4.6. Locations (installations) and sizes of safety signs on equipment, machines, mechanisms, etc. must be established in the design documentation.
The placement (installation) of safety signs on equipment, machines, and mechanisms must be carried out by the manufacturer. If necessary, additional placement (installation) of safety signs on equipment, machines, mechanisms in operation is carried out by the organization operating them.
4.7. Graphic symbols and explanatory inscriptions on industry safety signs that are not provided for by this standard must be established in industry standards, norms, and rules in compliance with the requirements of this standard.
5. Signal colors
This standard establishes the following signal colors: red, yellow, green, blue. To enhance the visual perception of colorographic images of safety signs and signal markings, signal colors should be used in combination with contrasting colors - white or black. Contrasting colors must be used to create graphic symbols and explanatory inscriptions.
5.1. Purpose and rules for using signal colors
5.1.1. Signal colors must be used for:
- designations of surfaces, structures (or structural elements), devices, units and elements of equipment, machines, mechanisms, etc., which can serve as sources of danger to people, surfaces of fences and other protective devices, interlocking systems, etc.;
- designations of fire equipment, fire protection equipment, and their elements;
- safety signs, signal markings, evacuation plans and other visual safety features;
- luminous (light) safety equipment (signal lamps, displays, etc.);
- designation of the escape route.
5.1.1.1. The semantic meaning, scope of application of signal colors and the corresponding contrasting colors are established in Table 1.
Table 1 Meaning, scope of signal colors and corresponding contrasting colors
| Red | Imminent danger | White |
| Yellow | Possible danger | Indication of possible danger, dangerous situationBlack |
| Green | Safety, safe conditions Reporting the normal operation of equipment, the normal state of the technological processWhite | |
| Blue | Instruction to avoid danger Requirement of mandatory actions to ensure safety||
5.1.2. Red signal color should be used for:
- designations of disconnecting devices of mechanisms and machines, including emergency ones;
- internal surfaces of covers (doors) of cabinets with open current-carrying elements of equipment, machines, mechanisms, etc.
If the equipment, machines, mechanisms are red, then the internal surfaces of the covers (doors) must be painted with paint materials of a yellow signal color; - emergency pressure relief valve handles;
- housings of oil switches that are in working condition under voltage;
- designations of various types of fire equipment, fire protection equipment, their elements that require prompt identification (fire engines, ground parts of hydrant standpipes, fire extinguishers, cylinders, manual start devices for fire automatic systems (installations), warning equipment, direct communication telephones with the fire department, pumps, fire stands, water barrels, sand boxes, as well as buckets, shovels, axes, etc.);
- white edgings of fire shields for fastening fire-fighting tools and fire extinguishers. The width of the edging is 30 - 100 mm.
It is allowed to frame fire shields in the form of alternating stripes of red signal and white contrasting colors inclined at an angle of 45° - 60°; - ornamentation of elements of building structures (walls, columns) in the form of a section of a horizontal strip to indicate the location of a fire extinguisher, manual fire extinguishing installation, fire alarm button, etc. Strip width - 150 - 300 mm. The strips should be located at the top of walls and columns at a height convenient for visual perception from workplaces, passages, etc. As a rule, the ornamentation should include a fire safety sign with the corresponding graphic symbol of the fire protection device;
- signal lamps and displays with information notifying about a violation of the technological process or a violation of safety conditions: “Alarm”, “Fault”, etc.;
- designations of gripping devices of industrial installations and industrial robots;
- designations of temporary fences or elements of temporary fences installed on the boundaries of hazardous zones, areas, territories, pits, pits, temporary fences of places of chemical, bacteriological and radiation contamination, as well as fences of other places, zones, areas to which entry is temporarily prohibited.
The surface of temporary fences must be entirely painted in red signal color or have alternating stripes of red signal color and white contrasting colors inclined at an angle of 45° - 60°. The width of the stripes is 20 - 300 mm with the ratio of the width of the red and white stripes from 1:1 to 1.5:1; - prohibitory safety signs and fire safety signs.
5.1.3. It is not allowed to use red signal color:
- to designate permanently installed fire protection equipment (their elements) that do not require operational identification (fire detectors, fire pipelines, sprinklers for fire extinguishing installations, etc.);
- on the evacuation route to avoid confusion and embarrassment (except for prohibiting safety signs and fire safety signs).
5.1.4. Yellow signal color should be used for:
a) designations of elements of building and other structures that may cause injury to workers: low beams, protrusions and differences in the floor plane, inconspicuous steps, ramps, places where there is a danger of falling (edges of loading platforms, cargo pallets, unfenced areas, hatches, openings, etc.), narrowing of passages, inconspicuous struts, units, columns, racks and supports in places of heavy traffic of intra-plant transport, etc.;
b) designations of components and elements of equipment, machines and mechanisms, careless handling of which poses a danger to people: open moving components, edges of protective devices, not completely covering the guards of moving elements (grinding wheels, cutters, gears, drive belts, chains, etc.) etc.), enclosing structures of sites for work carried out at height, as well as process fittings and mechanisms permanently suspended from the ceiling or walls protruding into the workspace;
c) designations of hazardous operation elements of vehicles, lifting and transport equipment and road construction machines, forklift platforms, bumpers and side surfaces of electric vehicles, loaders, carts, turntables and side surfaces of excavator booms, grips and platforms of forklifts, working parts of agricultural machines , elements of lifting cranes, clips of cargo hooks, etc.;
d) movable mounting devices, their elements and elements of load-handling devices, moving parts of tilters, traverses, lifts, moving parts of assembly towers and ladders;
e) internal surfaces of covers, doors, casings and other fences covering the locations of moving components and elements of equipment, machines, mechanisms that require periodic access for control, repair, adjustment, etc.
If the specified units and elements are covered by removable guards, then the moving units, elements and (or) the surfaces of the fixed parts adjacent to them, covered by the guards, must be painted with paints and varnishes of a yellow signal color;
f) permanent fences or fencing elements installed on the boundaries of dangerous zones, areas, territories: at openings, pits, pits, remote platforms, permanent fences of stairs, balconies, ceilings and other places where a fall from a height is possible.
The surface of the fence must be entirely painted with paints and varnishes of yellow signal color or have alternating stripes of yellow signal color and black contrasting colors inclined at an angle of 45° - 60°.
The width of the stripes is 20 - 300 mm with a ratio of the width of yellow and black stripes from 1:1 to 1.5:1;
g) designations of containers and technological equipment containing hazardous or harmful substances.
The surface of the container must be entirely painted with paints and varnishes of yellow signal color or have alternating stripes of yellow signal color and black contrasting colors inclined at an angle of 45° - 60°.
The width of the stripes is 50 - 300 mm, depending on the size of the container, with the ratio of the width of the yellow and black stripes from 1:1 to 1.5:1;
i) designations of areas that must always be free in case of evacuation (areas at emergency exits and approaches to them, near fire alarm points, near places of access to fire protection equipment, warning equipment, first aid points, fire escapes, etc. .).
The boundaries of these areas should be marked with solid lines of yellow signal color, and the areas themselves - with alternating stripes of yellow signal color and black contrasting colors inclined at an angle of 45° - 60°. The width of lines and stripes is 50 - 100 mm;
j) safety warning signs.
5.1.4.1. On the surface of objects and elements specified in 5.1.4 listed a) and c), it is allowed to apply alternating stripes of yellow signal and black contrasting colors, inclined at an angle of 45° - 60°. The width of the stripes is 50 - 300 mm, depending on the size of the object and the distance from which the warning should be visible.
5.1.4.2. If equipment, machines and mechanisms are painted with paints and varnishes of yellow signal color, then their components and elements specified in 5.1.4 b) and e) must be marked with alternating stripes of yellow signal and black contrasting colors inclined at an angle of 45° - 60°. The width of the stripes is 20 - 300 mm, depending on the size of the equipment unit (element), with the ratio of the width of the yellow and black stripes from 1:1 to 1.5:1.
5.1.4.3. For road construction vehicles and lifting and transport equipment that may be located on the roadway, it is allowed to use warning paint in the form of alternating red and white stripes.
5.1.5. Blue signal color should be used for:
- - coloring of luminous (light) signal indicators and other signaling devices for indicating or permissive purposes;
- - prescriptive and indicative safety signs.
5.1.6. Green signal color should be used for:
- safety designations (safe places, zones, safe conditions);
- signal lamps indicating the normal operation of equipment, the normal state of technological processes, etc.;
- evacuation route designations;
- evacuation safety signs and safety signs for medical and sanitary purposes.
5.2. Characteristics of signal and contrast colors
5.2.1. Signal and contrast colors are visually perceived and reproduced in non-luminous, retroreflective and photoluminescent materials, as well as in luminous (light) objects (signal light sources).
5.2.2. Colorimetric and photometric characteristics of signal and contrast colors of non-luminous, retroreflective materials and luminous objects must comply with the requirements of Appendix A.
5.2.3. Excluded. - Change No. 1, approved. By Order of Rostekhregulirovaniya dated July 23, 2009 N 259-Art.
5.2.4. For each type of signal or contrasting color material used for painting surfaces, assemblies and elements according to 5.1 or for the production of safety signs and signal markings, control (reference) samples of this material should be developed in accordance with the requirements of Appendix A and acceptable color deviations should be established taking into account gloss, surface texture and chemical composition of the material.
When developing control (reference) samples and reproducing (implementing) signal and contrast colors in materials, the recommendations of Appendix B should be used.
Control (reference) samples of signal and contrasting colors of materials must be agreed upon and approved in the prescribed manner.
6. Safety signs
Safety signs can be basic, additional, combined or group.
Basic safety signs contain an unambiguous semantic expression of safety requirements. Basic signs are used independently or as part of combined and group safety signs.
Additional safety signs contain an explanatory inscription and are used in combination with the main signs.
Combined and group safety signs consist of basic and additional signs and are carriers of comprehensive safety requirements.
6.1. Types and versions of safety signs
6.1.1. Depending on the type of materials used, safety signs can be non-luminous, retroreflective or photoluminescent.
6.1.1.1. Non-luminous safety signs are made of non-luminous materials; they are visually perceived due to the scattering of natural or artificial light falling on them.
6.1.1.2. Retroreflective safety signs are made of retroreflective materials (or with the simultaneous use of retroreflective and non-luminous materials); they are visually perceived as luminous when their surface is illuminated by a beam (ray) of light directed from the observer, and non-luminous when their surface is illuminated with light not directed from the observer ( for example, in general lighting).
6.1.1.3. Photoluminescent safety signs are made from photoluminescent materials (or with the simultaneous use of photoluminescent and non-luminous materials); they are visually perceived as luminous in the dark after the cessation of natural or artificial light and non-luminous in diffuse lighting.
6.1.1.4. To increase the effectiveness of visual perception of safety signs in particularly difficult conditions of use (for example, in mines, tunnels, airports, etc.), they can be manufactured using a combination of photoluminescent and retroreflective materials.
6.1.2. By design, safety signs can be flat or three-dimensional.
6.1.2.1. Flat signs have one colorographic image on a flat medium and are clearly visible from one direction, perpendicular to the plane of the sign.
6.1.2.2. Volumetric signs have two or more colorographic images on the sides of the corresponding polyhedron (for example, on the sides of a tetrahedron, pyramid, cube, octahedron, prism, parallelepiped, etc.). The colorographic image of three-dimensional characters can be observed from two or more different directions.
6.1.2.3. Flat safety signs can have external lighting (illumination) of the surface with electric lamps.
6.1.2.4. Three-dimensional safety signs can be with external or internal electric illumination of the surface (backlight).
6.1.3. Safety signs with external or internal lighting must be connected to an emergency or independent power supply.
Flat and three-dimensional outdoor safety signs must be illuminated from the external power supply network.
6.1.4. Fire safety signs placed on the evacuation route, as well as evacuation safety signs and the EC 01 safety sign (Table I.2) must be made using photoluminescent materials in accordance with GOST R 12.2.143-2009.
Signs to indicate exits from auditoriums, corridors and other places without lighting must be three-dimensional with internal electric lighting from autonomous power supply and from an alternating current network.
6.1.5. Metals, plastics, silicate or organic glass, self-adhesive polymer films, self-adhesive paper, cardboard and other materials can be used as a carrier material on the surface of which a color graphic image of a safety sign is applied.
Materials for the manufacture of safety signs must comply with the requirements of sections 8 and 9.
6.1.6. Safety signs must be made taking into account the specific conditions of placement and in accordance with the safety requirements of Section 9.
Climatic design and operating temperature range of safety signs according to 8.3.
Signs with external or internal electric lighting for fire-hazardous and explosive premises must be made in fireproof and explosion-proof design, respectively, and for explosion-hazardous premises - in explosion-proof design.
Safety signs intended for placement in industrial environments containing aggressive chemical environments must withstand exposure to gaseous, vaporous and aerosol chemical media.
6.2. Rules for the use of safety signs
6.2.1. Safety signs should be placed (installed) within the line of sight of the people for whom they are intended.
Safety signs must be located in such a way that they are clearly visible, do not distract attention and do not create inconvenience when people perform their professional or other activities, do not block the passage, passage, or interfere with the movement of goods.
6.2.2. Safety signs placed on the gates and (above) the entrance(s) of the premises(s) mean that the coverage area of these signs extends to the entire territory and the area behind the gates and doors.
The placement of safety signs on gates and doors should be done in such a way that the visual perception of the sign does not depend on the position of the gate or door (open, closed). Evacuation safety signs E 22 “Exit” and E 23 “Emergency exit” (Table I.1) should be placed only above the doors leading to the exit.
Safety signs installed at the entrance (entrance) to an object (site) mean that their effect extends to the object (site) as a whole.
If it is necessary to limit the coverage area of a safety sign, the corresponding instruction should be given in an explanatory inscription on an additional sign.
6.2.3. Safety signs made from non-luminous materials should be used in conditions of good and sufficient lighting.
6.2.4. Safety signs with external or internal lighting should be used in conditions where there is no or insufficient lighting.
6.2.5. Retroreflective safety signs should be placed (installed) in places where there is no lighting or there is a low level of background lighting (less than 20 lux according to SNiP 23-05): when carrying out work using individual light sources, lanterns (for example, in tunnels, mines, etc.) etc.), as well as to ensure safety when carrying out work on roads, highways, airports, etc.
6.2.6. Photoluminescent safety signs should be used in accordance with GOST R 12.2.143-2009.
6.2.7. It is recommended that the orientation of safety signs in the vertical plane during installation (installation) in places of placement should be carried out according to the marking of the upper position of the sign.
6.2.8. Safety signs may be secured at their locations using screws, rivets, glue or other methods and fasteners that ensure their secure retention during mechanical cleaning of premises and equipment, as well as their protection from possible theft.
To avoid possible damage to the surface of retroreflective signs in places of mounting fasteners (delamination, curling of the film, etc.), the heads of rotating fasteners (screws, bolts, nuts, etc.) should be separated from the front retroreflective surface of the sign with nylon washers.
6.3. Basic and additional safety signs
6.3.1. Groups of basic safety signs
Basic safety signs must be divided into the following groups:
- prohibition signs;
- warning signs;
- fire safety signs;
- prescriptive signs;
- evacuation signs and signs for medical and sanitary purposes;
- directional signs.
6.3.2. The geometric shape, signal color, and semantic meaning of the main safety signs must comply with Table 2.
Table 2 Geometric shape, signal color and semantic meaning of the main safety signs
| Warning signs | Triangle  |
Yellow | |
| Mandatory signs | Circle |
Blue | |
| Fire safety signs<*> | Square or rectangle  |
Red | |
| Evacuation signs and signs for medical and sanitary purposes | Square or rectangleGreen | ||
| <*>Fire safety signs also include: | |||
| - prohibition signs - P 01 “No smoking”, P 02 “No open fire”, R 04 “No extinguishing with water”, R 12 “No blocking of passages (or) storage” (Appendix D); | |||
| - warning signs - W 01 “Fire hazard. Flammable substances”, W 02 “Explosive”, W 11 “Fire hazard. Oxidizing agent” (Appendix D); | |||
| - evacuation signs - according to Table I.1. | |||
Red Prohibition of dangerous behavior or action
Blue Resolution. Note. Inscription or information6.3.3. Colorographic image and sizes of main and additional safety signs
The area of safety signs is limited by yellow or white edging. The edging is used to contrast the marks against the surrounding background in places of placement.
6.3.3.1. The basis of the colorographic image and the ratio of the sizes of prohibiting safety signs must correspond to Figure 1.
d - diameter of the circle; 1 - main surface; 2 - edging; 3 - border; 4 - transverse strip
The share of the red signal color from the total area of the prohibition sign must be at least 35%.
The red transverse stripe is made at an angle of 45° to the horizontal with a slope from left to top to right to bottom.
The red transverse stripe must not be interrupted by the graphic symbol of the sign.
It is allowed to use prohibition signs with an explanatory inscription in the center of the sign. In this case, the red transverse stripe is not applied. The inscription should be in black or red.
Codes, color graphics, semantic meanings, placement (installation) locations and recommendations for the use of prohibitory safety signs are set out in Appendix D.
6.3.3.2. The basis of the color graphic image and the ratio of the sizes of safety warning signs must correspond to Figure 2.
b - side of the triangle; 1 - main surface; 2 - edging; 3 - border
The proportion of yellow signal color from the total area of the sign must be at least 50%.
The graphic symbol must be black.
The color of the edging should be yellow or white.
Codes, color graphics, semantic meanings, placement (installation) locations and recommendations for the use of safety warning signs are set out in Appendix E.
6.3.3.3. The basis of the colorographic image and the ratio of the sizes of the mandatory safety signs must correspond to Figure 3.
d - diameter of the circle; 1 - main surface; 2 - edge
The blue signal color must make up at least 50% of the total area of the sign.
The graphic symbol of mandatory safety signs must be white.
Codes, color graphics, semantic meanings, placement (installation) locations and recommendations for the use of prescriptive signs are set out in Appendix E.
6.3.3.4. The basis of the color graphic image and the ratio of the sizes of fire safety signs must correspond to Figure 4.
a, b - sides of the square and rectangle (2a = b);
1 - main surface; 2 - edge
The share of red signal color from the total area of the sign must be at least 50%.
The graphic symbol of fire safety signs must be white.
Explanatory notes may be placed on fire safety signs. The inscription can be made in white on a red background or in red on a white background.
On the left side of the rectangular fire safety sign, a graphic symbol indicating the fire protection device (its elements) should be applied, and on the right side - an explanatory inscription.
Codes, color graphics, semantic meanings, placement (installation) locations and recommendations for the use of fire safety signs are set out in Appendix G.
6.3.3.5. The basis of the color graphic image and the ratio of the sizes of evacuation safety signs and safety signs for medical and sanitary purposes must correspond to Figure 5.
The proportion of green signal color from the total area of the sign must be at least 50%.
The graphic symbol and explanatory inscription of evacuation safety signs and safety signs for medical and sanitary purposes must be white.
Codes, color graphics, semantic meanings, placement (installation) locations and recommendations for the use of evacuation signs and signs for medical and sanitary purposes are set out in Appendix I.
6.3.3.6. The basis of the color graphic image and the ratio of the sizes of safety indicator signs must correspond to Figure 6.
a, b - sides of the square and rectangle (2a = b); 1 - main surface; 2 - edge
The proportion of blue signal color from the total area of the sign must be at least 50%.
The graphic symbol and explanatory text of safety signs must be white.
Codes, color graphics, semantic meanings, placement (installation) locations and recommendations for the use of safety signs are set out in Appendix K.
6.3.3.7. The basis of the color graphic image and the ratio of sizes of additional safety signs must correspond to Figure 7.
a, b - sides of the rectangle (2a = b); 1 - main surface; 2 - edging; 3 - border
Additional safety signs should be used in combination with the main safety signs and used in cases where it is necessary to clarify, limit or strengthen the effect of the main safety signs, as well as for information.
Additional safety signs may be located below or to the right, or to the left of the main safety sign.
The shape of additional safety signs is a rectangle; color of the main surface - corresponding to the color of the main safety sign according to Table 2 or white; border color - black or red; edging color - white or yellow (for the main surface yellow).
Borders on additional signs with a red, blue or green main surface are not applied.
It is allowed to make additional signs with a white or yellow main surface without a border.
The explanatory inscription must be black (for a white or yellow main surface) and white (for a red, blue or green main surface).
6.3.3.8. The graphic symbol and explanatory inscription on rectangular safety signs may be placed both horizontally and vertically relative to side b.
6.3.3.9. It is allowed to make prohibiting, warning, and prescriptive safety signs on the surface of a carrier material shaped like a square. The side of the square must be greater than or equal to:
- circle diameter d for prohibitory and mandatory signs;
- side of triangle b for warning signs.
In this case, the basis of the color graphic image and the ratio of the sizes of safety signs must be in accordance with Figures 1, 2, 3.
6.3.4. Dimensions of main safety signs
6.3.4.1. The height of the safety sign H is calculated using the formula
, (2)
where L is the sign identification distance;
Z - distance factor.
H for prohibitory and mandatory safety signs in the shape of a circle is equal to the diameter of the sign d. For safety warning signs in the shape of a triangle, H should be determined as H = 0.817b. For directional, evacuation safety signs, fire safety signs and safety signs for medical and sanitary purposes, having the shape of a square or rectangle, H is equal to side a.
The distance factor Z depends on the illumination of the surface of the safety sign and should have the following values:
- 40 - for normally illuminated safety signs in conditions of natural or artificial lighting at an illumination of 150 - 300 lux;
- 65 - for safety signs at illumination of 300 - 500 lux;
- 25 - for safety signs at illumination of 30 - 150 lux.
The average sizes of the main safety signs under normal natural or artificial lighting (at Z = 40) and for the required identification distance L of up to 25 m are shown in Table 3.
Table 3 Average sizes of main safety signs under normal lighting
| Identification distance L, m | Prohibitory and mandatory signs Warning signsFire safety signs, evacuation signs, medical and sanitary signs, directional signs | ||
6.3.4.2. The sizes of additional safety signs must correspond to the sizes of the main safety signs that they supplement.
It is allowed to increase the height of additional characters depending on the number of lines of the inscription.
6.3.4.3. The sizes of retroreflective and photoluminescent safety signs must be at least 125% of the average size of normally illuminated safety signs according to Table 3.
6.3.4.4. Safety signs with external or internal electric lighting with a minimum surface illuminance (or brightness) greater than 500 lux (or 500 cd/m2) have double the distance factor compared to normally illuminated signs and thus double the identification distance compared to the values in Table 3. Size Such safety signs may be reduced to half the size of normally illuminated signs.
6.3.4.5. Large safety signs may be used. The sizes of signs in this case should be determined by formula (2) taking into account the distance factor Z and the identification distance L.
6.3.4.6. Numbers and sizes of prohibitory and warning safety signs for equipment, machines, mechanisms, etc. must correspond to the values specified in table 4.
Table 4 Numbers and sizes of safety signs for equipment, machines, mechanisms
Dimensions in millimeters
6.3.4.7. Maximum deviations of all sizes of safety signs must be +/- 2%.
6.3.4.8. It is allowed to round the corners of safety signs. Corner radii should be:
- on triangular signs - 0.05b (b is the side of the triangle);
- on square signs - 0.04a (a is the side of the square);
- on rectangular signs - 0.02a (a is the smaller side of the rectangle).
6.3.5. The shape and dimensions of the graphic symbol of electrical voltage are given in Appendix L.
6.4. Combined and group safety signs
6.4.1. Combined safety signs must be rectangular in shape and contain both a main safety sign and an additional sign with an explanatory inscription.
Examples of combined safety signs are presented in Figure 8.
a - the text is located below the safety sign; b - the text is located to the right of the safety sign; in - the text is located to the left of the safety sign
Figure 8. Examples of combined safety signs
The color of the rectangular block of the combination sign is white.
The background color of the explanatory inscription is white or the color of the main safety sign.
The color of the explanatory inscription is black for a white or yellow background; red for white background; white for red, blue or green background.
The edging color is white.
6.4.2. Group signs containing on one rectangular block two or more basic safety signs with corresponding explanatory inscriptions should be used to simultaneously state comprehensive safety requirements and measures.
Examples of group safety signs are presented in Figure 9.
The surface color of the rectangular block of group signs is white.
The background color of the inscription is white or the color of the main safety sign.
The color of the inscription is black or the color of the main safety sign.
Border color is black or red.
The edging color is white.
6.4.3. The dimensions of the border and edging for group and combined safety signs must be the same as for additional safety signs in accordance with Figure 7.
It is allowed to use combined and group signs without a border.
6.4.4. Combined signs indicating the direction of movement must consist of a main safety sign and a directional arrow sign (or a directional arrow sign with an explanatory inscription).
The main safety sign in this case can be represented by:
- evacuation signs to indicate the direction of movement to the emergency exit;
- signs for medical and sanitary purposes to indicate the direction of movement to the places where first aid kits are located, means of removal (evacuation) of the affected, medical offices, etc.;
- fire safety signs to indicate the location of fire protection equipment and their elements;
- directional signs.
6.4.5. Examples of the formation of a semantic combination of signs to indicate the direction of movement to an emergency exit, fire protection equipment, a collection point and first aid facilities are presented in Figure 10. Signs should be installed in positions corresponding to the direction of movement.
Exit left 
Exit left 
Exit right down 
Exit right down 
Gathering place down left 
Medical office and first aid kit down left 
Fire escape at the top 
Fire hydrant to the left 
Fire protection equipment to the right 
Button for turning on fire automatics and sirens to the left 
Phone right down 
Fire extinguisher to the left
6.5. Requirements for the image of graphic symbols of safety signs
6.5.1. Graphic symbols of safety signs must display safety information using pictorial means and be supplemented, if necessary, with details to indicate a hazard or expand the scope of the sign. Graphic symbols should conventionally depict characteristic identifying features of various objects, dangerous and harmful factors.
6.5.2. Images of graphic symbols of safety signs must be simple and understandable. Details of the image that are not necessary to understand the semantic meaning should be omitted.
6.5.3. Graphic symbols must provide quick and highly accurate identification of their semantic meaning and the semantic meaning of the safety sign, for which it is necessary to be guided by the following principles:
- Only one graphic image must correspond to a certain semantic meaning of a symbol; it is necessary to reduce variants of symbols with a similar image to one symbol in order to eliminate the possibility of confusion;
- symbols that have different semantic meanings should not be similar;
- the natural proportions of the graphic image should not be violated;
- a silhouette image of a feature of an object or factor should be preferable to a contour image;
- exclude options with copyright images, trademarks and logos;
- the color of the safety sign symbol must comply with the requirements of 5.2 and 6.3;
- It is not allowed to depict blood.
6.5.4. When using graphic symbols depicting a human figure or individual parts of the human body, it is necessary to depict on the safety sign the part of the body that is at risk.
6.5.5. Enlargement of colorographic images of symbols and safety signs should be carried out using computer technology, a photographic method or using a square modular grid in accordance with GOST 12.4.040. The side of a square is equal to 10 modules.
The marking of the color graphic image of graphic symbols and safety signs on a square modular grid is given in Appendix M.
6.5.6. It is recommended to select the minimum size of graphic symbol elements in the same way as the font parameters of explanatory notes in accordance with 6.6 and Appendix H.
6.6. Requirements for explanatory notes
6.6.1. The text of explanatory notes must be in Russian.
It is allowed on the safety sign, along with the text of the inscription in Russian, to carry out a similar text of the inscription in English (for example, “EXIT” and “EXIT”).
6.6.2. Explanatory inscriptions on safety signs for industry purposes should be determined in industry standards and regulatory documents.
6.6.3. An example of making explanatory notes is given in Appendix H.
6.6.4. The minimum height of the font "Н", made in black contrasting color, is calculated using the formula
, (3)
where L" is the distance required for the readability of the inscription; Z" is the distance factor. >Distance factor Z" depends on the illumination conditions of the surface of safety signs or signal markings and visual acuity. The distance factor for visual acuity of at least 0.7 degrees should be:
- 300 - in conditions of good visibility (at illumination of 300 - 500 lux);
- 230 - in conditions of sufficient visibility (at illumination of 150 - 300 lux);
- 120 - under unfavorable visibility conditions (at illumination of 30 - 150 lux).
Illumination values are given according to SNiP 23-05.
6.6.5. The minimum font height of the inscription made in white contrasting color (or blue, red, green on group safety signs) must be greater than 25% of the minimum font height of the black inscription H", obtained according to 6.6.4.
6.6.6. The distance between the base lines of the lines, the sizes of letters and numbers, the thickness of lines, the distance between letters and words of explanatory inscriptions are recommended to be carried out in accordance with Appendix H.
7. Signal markings
7.1. Types and designs of signal markings
7.1.1. Signal markings are carried out in the form of alternating stripes of red and white, yellow and black, green and white signal and contrasting colors.
7.1.2. Signal markings are carried out on the surface of building structures, elements of buildings, structures, vehicles, equipment, machines, mechanisms, as well as the surface of products and objects intended to ensure safety, including products with external or internal electric lighting from autonomous or emergency power supply sources .
7.1.3. Signal markings with external or internal electric lighting for fire-hazardous and explosion-hazardous premises must be made in a fire-proof and explosion-proof design, respectively, and for explosion- and fire-hazardous premises - in an explosion-proof design.
7.1.4. Signal markings are carried out using non-luminous, retroreflective, photoluminescent materials or a combination thereof.
Materials must comply with the requirements of sections 8 and 9.
7.1.5. Signal markings must be made taking into account the specific location conditions and in accordance with the requirements of sections 8 and 9.
Climatic design and operating temperature range of signal markings according to 8.3.
Signal markings intended for placement in industrial environments containing aggressive chemical media must withstand exposure to gaseous, vaporous and aerosol chemical media.
7.2. Purpose and rules for using signal markings
7.2.1. Red-white and yellow-black signal markings should be used to indicate:
- dangers of collision with obstacles, dangers of slipping and falling;
- danger of being in the area of possible falling loads, objects, collapse of the structure, its elements, etc.;
- danger of being in the zone of chemical, bacteriological, radiation or other contamination of the territory (areas);
- checkpoints of hazardous industries and other places, entry to which is prohibited for unauthorized persons;
- places where fire hazards, emergency, rescue, repair, construction and other special work are carried out;
- construction and architectural elements (columns, corners, protrusions, etc.), components and elements of equipment, machines, mechanisms, fittings protruding into the work area or space where people may be;
- lane boundaries (for example, crossings for workers in the construction work zone, vehicle movement in the road work zone);
- areas, structures, zones in accordance with 5.1;
- units and elements of equipment, machines, mechanisms in accordance with 5.1;
- boundaries of venues for sports competitions (cycling tracks, automobile, ski slopes, etc.) or entertainment events.
7.2.2. If obstacles and danger points exist permanently, then they must be marked with signal markings with alternating yellow-black stripes; if obstacles and danger points are temporary, for example during road, construction and rescue work, then the danger must be marked with signal markings with alternating red and white stripes.
7.2.3. It is prohibited to use signal markings with alternating red and white stripes on the evacuation route.
7.2.4. Dangerous areas with radiation and conditional radiation contamination should be marked and fenced in accordance with the requirements of this standard and GOST 17925.
7.2.5. Green and white signal markings should be used to mark the boundaries of the safe lane and indicate the direction of travel along the escape route (for example, herringbone guide lines, Figure 11b).
7.3. Colorographic image and dimensions of signal markings
7.3.1. Stripes of signal and contrasting colors can be located on the signal markings directly (vertically or horizontally), obliquely at an angle of 45° - 60°, or in a zigzag pattern (“herringbone”).
Examples of the arrangement of alternating stripes of signal and contrast colors on signal markings are presented in Figure 11.
A) 
b) 
a - the stripes are located obliquely; b - the arrangement of stripes is zigzag in the form of a herringbone; c - the stripes are located straight (vertically or horizontally); f - transverse size of the signal marking, s - width of the signal color stripe
7.3.2. The proportion of red, yellow or green signal colors from the total strip area must be at least 50%. The ratio of the width of the stripes of red and white, yellow and black, green and white should be from 1:1 to 1.5:1, respectively.
7.3.3. Signal color stripe width s - 20 - 500 mm.
7.3.4. The transverse size of the signal marking f (width or diameter) is at least 20 mm.
7.3.5. The width of the signal color stripe s and the transverse size of the signal marking f should be selected taking into account:
- type and execution of signal markings;
- size of the object or location;
- the distance from which the signal markings should be sufficiently visible and recognizable by their semantic meaning.
7.3.6. Maximum deviations of dimensions s and f - +/- 3%.
7.3.7. It is allowed to put explanatory inscriptions on the signal markings, for example: “Danger zone”, “Passage prohibited”, etc.
Explanatory inscriptions are made in red on a white background (for red-white signal markings), black on a yellow background (for yellow-black signal markings) or green on a white background (for green-white signal markings).
It is recommended that the font of explanatory inscriptions on signal markings be made in accordance with 6.6 and Appendix H.
8. General technical requirements
8.1. Requirements for design and materials
8.1.1. Structural materials should be selected taking into account the type of design, the specific conditions for placing safety signs and signal markings and in accordance with the requirements of Section 9.
8.1.2. The design of three-dimensional safety signs and signal markings must ensure the strength and tightness of all housing connections, reliability of fastenings, as well as ease of installation and dismantling during maintenance and repair.
8.1.3. The design of safety signs and signal markings with internal or external electric lighting should be carried out taking into account the requirements of Section 6 of the Electrical Installation Rules (PUE) and in accordance with Fire Safety Standards. For safety signs and signal markings in an explosion-proof version, it is necessary to take into account the requirements of Chapter 7.3 of the PUE; in a fireproof version, the requirements of Chapter 7.4 of the PUE must be taken into account.
8.1.4. Colorographic images and explanatory inscriptions are applied to the surface of the carrier material using various technologies (plotter cutting, image transfer, silk-screen printing, tampon printing and other types of printing using a stencil and other methods).
When applying a color graphic image of safety signs using stencils, it is not allowed to leave unpainted lintels with a total area of more than 4% of the border area or more than 1.5% of the total area of the safety sign.
For retroreflective film materials, overlapping joints of the adhesive film are not allowed.
8.1.5. Safety signs and signal markings based on self-adhesive materials must have a notch on the side of the protective base of the adhesive layer for ease of gluing in places of placement.
8.1.6. The choice of self-adhesive materials and the type of adhesive layer must be made depending on the placement conditions, while the stickiness indicator (the time during which the adhesive layer of the material is peeled off over a length of 100 mm) should be:
- for internal placement materials - at least 200 s with a load of unsticking the adhesive layer of 0.3 kg;
- for outdoor materials - at least 1000 s with a load of unsticking the adhesive layer of 0.6 kg.
8.1.7. The shrinkage of self-adhesive materials after removing the protective base of the adhesive layer and exposing the material with the adhesive layer up at room conditions should be, %, no more than:
- 0.5 - for 10 minutes;
- 1.5 - within 24 hours.
8.1.8. Safety signs and signal markings must be resistant to water, aqueous solutions of acids and alkalis, aqueous solutions of detergents, oils, and gasoline.
8.2. Requirements for paints, coatings and other materials in signal and contrasting colors
8.2.1. Paintwork materials and coatings in signal and contrasting colors must comply with the type and design of safety signs and signal markings and the conditions of their placement, as well as the requirements of Section 9.
8.2.2. The surface of the coating and material must be smooth, uniform, and free of foreign inclusions and contamination. Bubbles, drips, swelling, cracks, craters and tears are not allowed, and peeling of the coating is not allowed.
8.2.3. The coating must be elastic and have adhesion to the surface of the carrier material of no more than 2 points according to GOST 15140 (methods of lattice and parallel cuts).
8.2.4. The degree of drying of the paint coating on the surface of the carrier material must be such that it is possible to stack safety signs and signal markings.
8.2.5. Colorimetric and photometric characteristics of paints, coatings and other materials of signal and contrasting colors must comply with the requirements of 5.2 and Appendix A.
Materials and coatings whose colorimetric characteristics do not meet the requirements established in Appendix A are not allowed to be used for applying signal and contrasting colors and for the manufacture of safety signs and signal markings.
8.2.6. Reflective materials and coatings must have a closed system of elements protected from environmental influences.
8.2.7. Excluded. - Change No. 1, approved. By Order of Rostekhregulirovaniya dated July 23, 2009 N 259-Art.
8.2.8. Paints and varnishes and coatings in signal and contrasting colors must have good light fastness.
8.3. Resistance to climatic factors
8.3.1. Safety signs and signal markings must be made in the UHL climatic design according to GOST 15150, in the temperature range:
- from minus (40 +/- 2) to plus (60 +/- 2) °C - for outdoor placement (category 1);
- from (5 +/- 2) to (35 +/- 2) °C and from (5 +/- 2) to (60 +/- 2) °C - for indoor placement (category 4) and relative air humidity up to 98%.
8.3.2. Safety signs and signal markings must withstand the influence of corrosive agents of the air atmosphere corresponding to group II (industrial) according to GOST 15150.
8.3.3. Safety signs and signal markings for outdoor placement must be resistant to precipitation (snow, frost, rain), solar radiation, salt fog, and dust.
9. Safety requirements determined by the design and materials used
9.1. The use of safety signs and signal markings on objects and places does not pose a danger to human health and does not require precautionary measures.
9.2. Safety signs and signal markings during operation should not cause damage to human health, equipment, or internal plant vehicles in the event of a fall or collision.
9.2.1. When choosing the type of structure, preference should be given to impact-proof hollow structures.
9.3. For materials used in the manufacture of safety signs and signal markings, fire hazard indicators should be determined:
- oxygen index (for polymer films and plastics);
- flammability group.
The values of fire danger indicators should be:
- oxygen index - not less than 18%;
- flammability group - not lower than B2.
9.4. The design must be made taking into account electrical safety requirements.
9.4.1. Safety signs and signal markings with external or internal electric lighting must be made in compliance with electrical safety requirements in accordance with GOST 17677, Electrical Installation Rules and Fire Safety Standards NPB 249.
9.4.2. For safety signs and signal markings in an explosion-proof design, it is necessary to take into account the requirements of Chapter 7.3 of the Electrical Installation Rules, and for fireproof signs and markings, the requirements of Chapter 7.4 of the Electrical Installation Rules must be taken into account.
9.5. Materials for the manufacture of safety signs and signal markings must have electrostatic properties that eliminate or prevent the occurrence of static electricity discharges that can become a source of ignition or explosion in accordance with GOST 12.1.018.
9.6. Safety signs and signal markings, when used correctly and in compliance with general safety and hygiene rules in the field, should not release toxic or harmful substances into the environment.
9.6.1. The release of elements harmful to health should not exceed the requirements of GOST 25779 (2.33).
9.7. The materials used for the manufacture of safety signs and signal markings must comply with sanitary and hygienic standards and regulations, as well as fire safety regulations.
10. Acceptance rules
10.1. Safety signs and signal markings must comply with the requirements of this standard. To verify compliance, safety signs and signal markings must be subjected to acceptance and periodic tests.
10.2. Acceptance and periodic tests are carried out by the organization that produces safety signs and signal markings in accordance with Section 11.
10.3. Selection of samples for acceptance tests must be carried out in accordance with GOST 18321.
10.4. At least three samples of products selected during a controlled period from the number of batches that have passed acceptance tests should be subjected to periodic testing.
11. Test methods
11.1. The appearance, surface and appearance of the color graphic image of safety signs and signal markings are controlled visually by comparison with control (reference) samples.
11.2. The adhesion of the paint coating to the surface of the carrier material is checked according to GOST 15140 (methods of lattice and parallel cuts).
11.3. The stickiness of the adhesive layer of safety signs and signal markings based on self-adhesive materials is controlled according to GOST 20477 (4.6).
11.4. Checking the electrical parameters of safety signs and signal markings with external or internal electric lighting (connection tightness with the housing, electrical insulation strength, insulation resistance measurements, etc.) is carried out in accordance with GOST 17677.
11.5. The conditional light resistance of safety signs, signal markings, paints and varnishes, coatings and other materials in signal and contrasting colors is determined according to GOST 9733.3.
The conditional light resistance of materials and coatings must be no worse than the conditional light resistance of samples of blue standards 4 and 5.
11.6. Fire hazard indicators of materials are determined according to GOST 12.1.044 (4.14) - in terms of oxygen index and according to GOST 30402 - in terms of flammability group.
11.7. Control of colorimetric and photometric characteristics of safety signs, signal markings and materials
11.7.1. When determining colorimetric and photometric characteristics, the surface of safety signs, signal markings and materials must be illuminated with standard light sources in accordance with GOST 7721. Types of light sources, measurement geometry, illumination angles and viewing angles are specified in Appendices A and B.
11.7.2. The determination of chromaticity coordinates x, y and brightness coefficients is carried out using photometric, spectrocolorimetric, spectroradiometric methods and the method of photoelectric colorimetry, namely:
- for non-luminous, retroreflective safety signs, signal markings and materials under measurement conditions of 45°/0°, excluding specular reflection, taking into account the requirements of Appendix A;
- for safety signs and signal markings with internal electric lighting in accordance with GOST 23198 (sections 5 and 6) taking into account the requirements of Appendix A.
11.7.3. Color control may be carried out visually in accordance with GOST 29319 by comparing the color of safety signs, signal markings and materials with control (reference) samples of signal and contrast colors approved in the prescribed manner.
Control (reference) samples are stored in conditions that exclude exposure to light, various types of radiation, moisture, aggressive vapors, negative temperatures, etc.
11.7.4. Measurement of the retroreflectivity coefficients R" of retroreflective safety signs, signal markings and materials is carried out in accordance with the method of measuring the KSI (luminous intensity coefficient) of retroreflective devices in accordance with GOST R 41.27, the calculation of retroreflectivity coefficients is carried out according to formula (1).
11.7.5 - 11.7.7.4. Excluded. - Change No. 1, approved. By Order of Rostekhregulirovaniya dated July 23, 2009 N 259-Art.
11.7.8. Instruments for measuring colorimetric and photometric characteristics must comply with GOST 8.023 and GOST 8.205.
11.7.8.1. Excluded. - Change No. 1, approved. By Order of Rostekhregulirovaniya dated July 23, 2009 N 259-Art.
12. Labeling, packaging, transportation and storage of safety signs and warning markings
12.1. The symbol of the manufacturer is applied to safety signs and signal markings.
12.1.1. To orient safety signs during installation (installation) in places of placement, it is recommended to mark their upper position in the vertical plane.
The top position may be marked on the reverse side of the safety sign by applying the “Top” manipulation sign in accordance with GOST 14192.
12.1.2. For safety signs and signal markings with external or internal electric lighting, additional markings must be carried out in accordance with GOST 18620.
12.2. Safety signs and signal markings must be packed in plank, cardboard or plywood boxes in accordance with GOST 19822 with a gross weight of no more than 25 kg. Packaging should be done in such a way as to prevent mutual movement and friction of the front surfaces of safety signs and signal markings.
12.2.1. Safety signs and signal markings based on self-adhesive materials are recommended to be placed in plastic packaging to prevent shrinkage and drying of the adhesive layer.
12.2.2. Reflective safety signs and signal markings should be packaged with the front surface wrapped in wax paper and lined with foam boards. Installation of reflective safety signs and signal markings in boxes should only be vertical.
12.2.3. Packaging of safety signs and signal markings with external or internal electric lighting should be carried out in accordance with GOST 23216.
12.3. Marking of transport containers should be carried out in accordance with GOST 14192 with handling signs “Keep away from moisture” and “Top”.
12.4. Safety signs and signal markings in packaged form are transported by all types of transport in covered wagons, holds or covered decks of ships, and closed vehicles.
12.4.1. When loading and unloading, it is necessary to protect safety signs and signal markings from possible impacts and damage.
12.4.2. It is not allowed to get the safety signs and signal markings wet during transportation and storage. In case of accidental wetness, all products must be dried immediately.
12.4.3. Safety signs and signal markings in packaged form must be stored in covered warehouses at temperatures from minus 5 to plus 30 ° C and relative humidity from 45% to 60%.
12.4.4. Transportation and storage of safety signs and signal markings with external or internal electric lighting in accordance with GOST 23216.
13. Manufacturer's warranty
The warranty period for safety signs and signal markings, subject to compliance with the installation and operation rules, is established in the regulatory documents of the manufacturer for a specific type of product and must be at least two years.
Appendix A
(required)
Colorimetric and photometric characteristics of signal and contrast colors of non-luminous and reflective materials
K - red area; F - yellow area; Z - green area; C - blue area; B - white area; H - black area;
1 - preferred small areas for non-luminous materials; 2 - preferred small areas for type 1 retroreflective materials; 3 - preferred small areas for retroreflective materials of the 2nd and 3rd types
A.1. Colorimetric characteristics of signal and contrast colors of non-luminous and reflective materials
A.1.1. The x, y chromaticity coordinates of signal and contrast colors of materials, safety signs and signal markings must correspond to the x, y chromaticity coordinates of the permissible color areas of the standard graph (Figure A.1), the values of the corner points of which are given in Table A.1.
The brightness coefficients of signal and contrast colors of materials, safety signs and signal markings must be no less than the values specified in Table A.1.
Table A.1 Values of chromaticity coordinates x, y of corner points of permissible color areas and minimum values of brightness coefficient for non-luminous and retroreflective materials of signal and contrasting colors, safety signs and signal markings
| Color | Luminance factor beta | |||||||
| non-luminous materials | reflective materials | |||||||
| Red | x 0.735 0.681 0.579 0.655 >0.07 >0.05 >0.03||||||||
| Yellow | x 0.545 0.494 0.444 0.481 >0.45 >0.27 >0.16||||||||
| Green | x 0.201 0.285 0.170 0.026 >0.12 >0.04 >0.03||||||||
| Blue | x 0.094 0.172 0.210 0.137 >0.05 >0.01 >0.01||||||||
| White | x 0.350 0.305 0.295 0.340 >0.75 >0.35 >0.27||||||||
| Black | x 0.385 0.300 0.260 0.345 - - -||||||||
| Notes: 1. The values given in Figure A.1 and in the table are given for a measurement geometry of 45°/0°, illumination with a standard light source according to GOST 7721, in the standard XYZ 1931 colorimetric system. 2. The brightness coefficient beta is defined as the ratio of the Y color coordinate to the color coordinate of an ideal diffuser (beta = ). |
||||||||
A.1.2. For non-luminous and retroreflective materials of signal and contrasting colors, safety signs and signal markings made on their basis, preferred small color areas are established in accordance with the values of the chromaticity coordinates x, y of small color areas according to Table A.2.
Table A.2 Values of chromaticity coordinates x, y of small color areas for non-luminous and retroreflective materials
| Color | Chromaticity coordinate notation | Corner point numbers and chromaticity coordinate values | |||||||||||
| non-luminous materials | reflective materials | ||||||||||||
| 1st type | 2nd and 3rd types | ||||||||||||
| Note. The values shown in Figure A.1 and the table are given for a 45°/0° measurement geometry, illumination with a standard light source according to GOST 7721, in the standard XYZ 1931 colorimetric system. | |||||||||||||
Preferred small color areas are established in order to increase the requirements for the colorimetric characteristics of signal and contrast colors, improve their visual perception and maintain the consistency of the visual perception of color under operating conditions.
A.1.3. Measurement of chromaticity coordinates x, y and determination of brightness coefficients of non-luminous and retroreflective materials, safety signs and signal markings should be carried out with a spectrophotometer or colorimeter.
A.1.4. The x, y chromaticity coordinates of the colors of safety signs and signal markings with internal electric lighting must correspond to the chromaticity coordinates of the permissible color areas of the standard graph (Figure A.1), the values of the corner points of which are given in Table A.1.
The brightness coefficients of safety signs and signal markings with internal electric lighting must be no less than the values specified in Table A.1 for non-luminous materials.
A.1.5. Measurements of chromaticity coordinates x, y and luminance coefficients for safety signs and signal markings with internal electric lighting should be carried out with a photometer with an appropriate luminescence measurement.
A.2. Photometric characteristics of signal and contrast colors of non-luminous and reflective materials
A.2.1. The brightness contrast of k safety signs and signal markings with internal electric lighting must correspond to the values of Table A.3.
Table A.3 Brightness contrast k of safety signs and signal markings with internal electric lighting
A.2.2. Reflective film materials for the manufacture of safety signs and signal markings can be of the following types:
1st type. Films with medium intensity of retroreflection, the optical elements of which are spherical lenses (microglass beads) located in a transparent polymer layer. Reflective film materials of this type are used when safety signs or signal markings need to be distinguished at close range with a low level of background lighting;
2nd type. Films with high retroreflective intensity consist of spherical lens elements enclosed in a capsule, glued to a polymer base and filled with a layer of transparent plastic. Retroreflective films of the 2nd type are characterized by a higher coefficient of retroreflection than films of the 1st type; they are used for the manufacture of safety signs and signal markings observed from long distances or at low and medium levels of background lighting;
3rd type. Type 3 films have an optical system in the form of flat-edged prismatic lenses (type A or B) located in a transparent polymer layer. Retroreflective films of the 3rd type are characterized by an ultra-high coefficient of retroreflectivity; they are used in the manufacture of safety signs and signal markings for particularly dangerous places and in the case of long identification distances at any level of background lighting.
A.2.3. Retroreflective coefficients R" of reflective film materials of various types must be no less than the values indicated in tables A.4 - A.7.
Table A.4
Table A.5
Table A.6
| Color | Minimum retroreflectivity coefficients R" for retroreflective film materials type 3(A), cd/(lx x m2) | |||||||||||
| with an observation angle alpha equal to 0.1° and an illumination angle equal to | with an observation angle alpha equal to 0.2° and an illumination angle equal to | with an observation angle alpha equal to 0.33° and an illumination angle equal to | ||||||||||
| Note. For an viewing angle alpha = 0.33° at illumination angles = 5° ( = 0°), the ratio of the maximum and minimum retroreflectivity coefficients should be no more than 2.5:1 when rotating at a rotation angle epsilon from minus 75° to plus 50° at intervals of 25°. | ||||||||||||
Table A.7
Minimum retroreflectivity coefficients R" for retroreflective film materials type 3(B), cd/(lx x m2) |
||||||||||||
with an observation angle alpha equal to 0.33° and an illumination angle equal to |
with an observation angle alpha equal to 1° and an illumination angle equal to |
with an observation angle alpha equal to 1.5° and an illumination angle equal to |
||||||||||
Notes: |
||||||||||||
A.2.4. The retroreflectivity coefficient R" should be measured when the surface of the retroreflective material is illuminated with a standard light source A according to GOST 7721, and the illumination angles and observation angles must lie in the same plane.
A.2.5. The retroreflective coefficients R" of retroreflective materials after applying a graphic image to their surface must be at least 80% of the values indicated in tables A.4 - A.7.
A.2.6. The warranty period for type 1 reflective film materials, subject to installation and operating conditions, must be at least three years. By the end of the warranty period, reflective films must maintain retroreflectivity coefficients of at least 50% of the values given in Table A.4.
A.2.7. The warranty period for type 2 reflective film materials, subject to installation and operating conditions, must be at least five years. By the end of the warranty period, reflective films must maintain retroreflectivity coefficients of at least 50% of the values given in Table A.5.
A.2.8. The warranty period for type 3 reflective film materials, subject to installation and operating conditions, must be at least seven years. By the end of the warranty period, reflective films must maintain retroreflectivity coefficients of at least 50% of the values indicated in Tables A.6 and A.7.
A.2.9. Retroreflective paint and varnish materials (solutions or melts) containing optical elements, white and yellow colors must have a retroreflectivity coefficient R" of at least 13 mcd/(lx x m2), at viewing angle = 1.5°, illumination angles = -86.5 °, = 0° and rotation angle = 0°.
Appendix B
(required)
Colorimetric and photometric characteristics of signal and contrast colors of photoluminescent materials
Excluded. - Change No. 1, approved. By Order of Rostekhregulirovaniya dated July 23, 2009 N 259-Art.
Conditions for selecting and reproducing non-luminous materials of signal and contrasting colors
IN 1. The standard color samples listed in Table B.1 from the most common domestic and foreign color sets are recommended for use when selecting or reproducing (implementing) signal and contrast colors in non-luminous materials, safety signs and signal markings.
Based on the results of measurements carried out in accordance with A.1.3, the specified reference samples have colorimetric characteristics in accordance with the requirements established in Appendix A.
Table B.1 Standard color samples from domestic and foreign color sets with colorimetric characteristics that meet the requirements for signal and contrast colors
| Signal color | Designation of standard color swatches in color sets | |||||
| Note. The “*” sign marks those samples of standard colors whose x, y chromaticity coordinates are within the boundaries of the preferred small color regions (Figure A.1 and Table A.2). | ||||||
Appendix D (mandatory)
Prohibition signs
Table D.1
No smoking Use when smoking may cause a fire. On doors and walls of rooms, areas where there are combustible and flammable substances, or in rooms where smoking is prohibited
No open flames or smoking. Use when open flames or smoking may cause a fire. On entrance doors, walls of premises, areas, workplaces, containers, production containers
Passage is prohibited at the entrance to dangerous zones, premises, areas, etc.
It is prohibited to extinguish with water In areas where electrical equipment is located, warehouses and other places where water cannot be used when extinguishing a fire or fire.
It is prohibited to use as drinking water On technical water supply and containers with technical water not suitable for drinking and domestic needs.
Access to outsiders is prohibited On the doors of premises, at the entrance to objects, areas, etc., to indicate a prohibition on entry (passage) into dangerous areas or to indicate a service entrance (passage)
The movement of floor-mounted vehicles is prohibited In places where the use of floor-mounted vehicles is prohibited (for example, forklifts or floor conveyors)
Do not touch. Danger On equipment (equipment components), doors, panels or other surfaces that are hazardous to touch
Do not touch. Housing under voltage On the surface of housings, panels, etc., where there is a possibility of electric shock
Do not turn on! On control panels and switching on equipment or mechanisms, during repair and commissioning work
The work (presence) of people with cardiac stimulants is prohibited. In places and on equipment where it is prohibited for people with implanted cardiac stimulants to work or be present.
It is prohibited to block passages and (or) store on evacuation routes, at exits, in places where fire protection equipment is placed, first aid kits and other places
It is prohibited to lift (descend) people along the mine shaft (transportation of passengers is prohibited) On the doors of freight elevators and other lifting mechanisms
Entry (passage) with animals is prohibited At the gates and doors of buildings, structures, premises, objects, territories, etc., where animals should not be located, where entry (passage) with animals is prohibited
The work (presence) of people with metal implants is prohibited. In places, areas and equipment where it is prohibited for people with metal implants to work or be present.
It is prohibited to splash water. In places and areas where it is prohibited to splash water.
It is prohibited to use a mobile (cellular) telephone or walkie-talkie On the doors of premises, at the entrance to objects where it is prohibited to use communication means that have their own radio frequency electromagnetic fields
Prohibition (other hazards or unsafe practices) Use to indicate a hazard not covered by this standard. The sign must be used together with an explanatory inscription or with an additional safety sign with an explanatory inscription
It is prohibited to have metal objects (watches, etc.) on you when entering facilities, workplaces, equipment, devices, etc. The scope of application of the mark can be expanded
It is prohibited to eat food in places and areas of work with substances harmful to health, as well as in places where eating is prohibited. The scope of application of the mark can be expanded
It is prohibited to approach equipment elements with large-amplitude swing movements. On equipment and equipment maintenance workplaces with elements performing large-amplitude swing movements.
Do not pick it up with your hands. Bulk mass (Fragile packaging) In production containers, warehouses and other places where bulk materials are used
It is prohibited to use the elevator to lift (descent) people onto the doors of freight elevators and other lifting mechanisms. The sign is part of the group safety sign “In case of fire, do not use the elevator, go up the stairs”Appendix D (mandatory)
Warning signs
Table E.1
Fire hazardous. Flammable substances Use to draw attention to areas with flammable substances. On entrance doors, cabinet doors, containers, etc.
Explosive Use to draw attention to explosive substances, rooms and areas. On entrance doors, room walls, cabinet doors, etc.
Dangerous. Toxic substances In places of storage, release, production and use of toxic substances
Dangerous. Caustic and corrosive substances In places where caustic and corrosive substances are stored, separated, produced and used
Dangerous. Radioactive substances or ionizing radiation On room doors, cabinet doors and other places where radioactive substances or ionizing radiation are located and used. It is allowed to use the radiation hazard sign in accordance with GOST 17925
Dangerous. The load may fall Near hazardous areas where lifting and transport equipment is used, on construction sites, sites, workshops, workshops, etc.
Attention. Forklift In rooms and areas where loading and unloading operations are carried out
Danger of electric shock On power line supports, electrical equipment and devices, doors of power panels, on electrical panels and cabinets, as well as on fences of live parts of equipment, mechanisms, devices
Attention. Hazard (other hazards) Use to draw attention to other hazards not covered by this standard. The sign must be used together with an additional safety sign with an explanatory inscription
Dangerous. Laser radiation On room doors, equipment, devices and other places where there is laser radiation
Fire hazardous. Oxidizing agent On room doors, cabinet doors to attract attention to the presence of an oxidizing agent
Attention. Electromagnetic field On room doors, equipment, devices and other places where electromagnetic fields operate
Attention. Magnetic field On room doors, equipment, devices and other places where magnetic fields operate
Carefully. Subtle Obstacle In areas where there are subtle obstacles that could cause a tripping hazard.
Carefully. Possibility of falls from height Before entering hazardous areas and in places where falls from height are possible
Carefully. Biological hazard (Infectious substances) In places where biological substances harmful to health are stored, produced or used
Carefully. Cold On the doors of refrigerators and freezers, compressor units and other refrigeration devices
Carefully. Allergic (irritant) substances harmful to health In places where allergic (irritant) substances harmful to health are stored, produced or used
Gas cylinder In gas cylinders, warehouses and areas for storing and using compressed or liquefied gases. Cylinder color: black or white, selected according to GOST 19433
Carefully. Rechargeable batteries In premises and areas where batteries are manufactured, stored and used
Carefully. Cutting shafts On work sites and equipment that have unprotected cutting shafts, such as woodworking, road or agricultural equipment
Attention. Pinch hazard On turnstile doors and barriers
Carefully. Possible overturning On roads, ramps, warehouses, areas where overturning of internal plant transport is possible
Attention. Automatic switching on (starting) of equipment At workplaces, equipment or individual units of equipment with automatic switching on
Carefully. Hot surface In workplaces and equipment that have heated surfaces
Carefully. Possible hand injury On equipment, equipment components, covers, and doors where hand injury may occur
Carefully. Slippery In areas and areas where there are slippery areas
Carefully. Possible tightening between rotating elements In workplaces and equipment with rotating elements, such as roller mills
Carefully. Narrowing of passage (passage) In territories, areas, workshops and warehouses where there are narrowing of passage (passage) or there are protruding structures that impede passage (passage)Appendix E (mandatory)
Mandatory signs
Table E.1
Wear safety glasses when working in workplaces and areas where eye protection is required
Work in a safety helmet (helmet) In workplaces and areas where head protection is required
Wear hearing protection in workplaces and areas with high noise levels
Work in personal respiratory protection equipment In workplaces and areas where respiratory protection is required
Wear safety shoes in workplaces and areas where it is necessary to use personal protective equipment
Work in protective gloves At workplaces and work areas where it is necessary to protect hands from exposure to harmful or aggressive environments, protection from possible electric shock
Work in protective clothing In workplaces and areas where it is necessary to use personal protective equipment
Work in a protective shield In workplaces and areas where protection of the face and organs of vision is necessary
Work in a safety (safety) belt At workplaces and areas where the use of safety (safety) belts is required for safe work
Passage here In territories and areas where passage is permitted
General mandatory sign (other regulations) For regulations not covered by this standard. The sign must be used together with an explanatory inscription on an additional safety sign
Cross over the overpass In areas and territories where overpasses are installed
Disconnect the plug At workplaces and equipment where disconnection from the electrical network is required when setting up or stopping electrical equipment and in other cases
Disconnect before work At workplaces and equipment during repair or commissioning work
Smoking here Used to indicate a smoking area in production facilitiesAppendix G (mandatory)
Fire safety signs
Table G.1
Directional arrow Use only in conjunction with other fire safety signs to indicate the direction of movement to the location (placement) of fire protection equipment
Directional arrow at an angle of 45° Use only in conjunction with other fire safety signs to indicate the direction of movement to the location (placement) of fire protection equipment
Fire hydrant Where the fire hydrant kit with fire hose and barrel is located
Fire escape Where the fire escape is located
Fire extinguisher Where the fire extinguisher is located
Telephone for use in case of fire (including direct telephone line to the fire brigade) Where a telephone is located where the fire brigade can be called
Location of several fire protection means In places where several fire protection means are simultaneously located (placed)
Fire water source Where a fire water source or pier for fire engines is located
Fire dry pipe riser In the locations of the fire dry pipe riser
Fire hydrant At the locations of underground fire hydrants. The sign must have numbers indicating the distance from the sign to the hydrant in meters
Button for turning on fire automatic installations (systems) In places where fire alarm, fire extinguishing and (or) smoke protection systems are manually started. At places (points) where a fire alarm signal is given
Fire alarm sounder In the locations of the sounder or together with sign F 10 "Button for turning on fire automatic installations (systems)"G.1. Fire safety signs also include:
- prohibitory signs - P 01 “No smoking”, P 02 “No open fire”, R 04 “No extinguishing with water”, R 12 “No blocking of passages and (or) storage” (Appendix D);
- warning signs - W 01 “Fire hazard. Flammable substances”, W 02 “Explosive”, W 11 “Fire hazard. Oxidizing agent” (Appendix D);
- evacuation signs - according to Table I.1.
Appendix I (mandatory)
Evacuation signs and signs for medical and sanitary purposes
Table I.1
Evacuation signs
Exit here (left side) Above the doors (or on the doors) of emergency exits that open on the left side. On the walls of the premises along with a guide arrow to indicate the direction of movement to the emergency exit
Exit Here (Right Side) Above (or on) doors of emergency exits that open on the right side. On the walls of the premises along with a guide arrow to indicate the direction of movement to the emergency exit
directional arrow Use only in conjunction with other evacuation signs to indicate the direction of travel
45° directional arrow Use only in conjunction with other evacuation signs to indicate direction of travel
Direction to the emergency exit to the right On the walls of the premises to indicate the direction of movement to the emergency exit
Direction to the emergency exit to the left On the walls of the premises to indicate the direction of movement to the emergency exit
Direction to the emergency exit to the right upwards On the walls of the premises to indicate the direction of movement to the emergency exit along an inclined plane
Direction to the emergency exit left up On the walls of the premises to indicate the direction of movement to the emergency exit along an inclined plane
Direction to the emergency exit to the right downwards On the walls of the premises to indicate the direction of movement to the emergency exit along an inclined plane
Direction to the emergency exit left down On the walls of the premises to indicate the direction of movement to the emergency exit along an inclined plane
Emergency exit door indicator (right side) Above the emergency exit doors
Emergency exit door indicator (left side) Above the emergency exit doors
The direction to the emergency exit is directly above passages, openings, in large areas. Placed on the top level or suspended from the ceiling
Direction to the emergency exit down the stairs On landings and walls adjacent to the flight of stairs
Direction to the emergency exit up the stairs On landings and walls adjacent to the flight of stairs
For access, open here On doors, walls of rooms and in other places where, to gain access to a room or exit, it is necessary to open a certain structure, for example, break a glass panel, etc.
Open by moving away from you On room doors to indicate the direction of door opening
Open by moving towards you On room doors to indicate the direction of door opening
To open, slide On room doors to indicate actions for opening sliding doors
Collection point (place) On doors, walls of premises and in other places to indicate pre-designated points (places) for gathering people in the event of a fire, accident or other emergency
Exit sign Above the emergency exit doors or as part of combined safety signs to indicate the direction of movement to the emergency exit
Emergency exit sign Above emergency exit doorsE.1. Evacuation signs should be installed in positions corresponding to the direction of movement to the emergency exit.
E.2. The image of the graphic symbol of a human figure in the doorway on evacuation signs E 01-01 and E 01-02 with the semantic meaning “Exit here” must coincide with the direction of movement to the emergency exit.
Table I.2
Medical and sanitary signs
First aid kit On walls, doors of premises to mark the locations of first aid kits
Means of removal (evacuation) of affected persons On doors and walls of premises in places where means of removal (evacuation) of affected persons are located
Reception point for hygiene procedures (showers) On the doors and walls of rooms in the areas where showers are located, etc.
Eye treatment station On the doors and walls of rooms where the eye treatment station is located
Medical office On the doors of medical offices
Telephone connection with a medical center (emergency medical care) In places where telephones are installedAppendix K (mandatory)
Directional signs
Table K.1
Meal point (place) On the doors of meal rooms, buffets, dining rooms, utility rooms and other places where food is allowed
Drinking water On the doors of household premises and in the locations of taps with water suitable for drinking and domestic needs (toilets, showers, food intake points, etc.)
Smoking area Used to indicate smoking area in public facilitiesAppendix L (mandatory)
Shape and dimensions of the graphic symbol of electrical voltage
Figure L.1. Electrical voltage graphic symbol
L.1. The height of the graphic symbol H 6 is 1000 mm.
The remaining dimensions of the graphic symbol should be determined by the following ratios:
L.2. The graphic symbol should be applied to electrical equipment, electrical products and devices, fencing, and also used in the warning sign W 08 (Appendix E).
L.3. The color of the graphic symbol must be black or red. The graphic symbol is performed on a yellow or white background.
L.4. Locations of installation of the graphic symbol on electrical equipment, electrical products and devices according to the regulatory document for specific electrical equipment, product or device, based on safety requirements.
Appendix M (mandatory)
Marking images of basic safety signs
br> 
Explanatory text fonts
N.1. Explanatory notes can be made as shown in Figure H.1.
N.2. It is recommended to select font parameters and the ratio of their sizes to font height H" according to Table H.1.
Table H.1
Dimensions in millimeters
| <*>When the font height H" is greater than or equal to 21 mm, the width of the distance between letters is programmed or selected from the available large letters in such a way as to improve readability. <**>The width of b may be increased by (2/7) H" for diacritics to prevent them from touching each other. |
Appendix P (for reference)
Bibliography
Rules for the construction of electrical installations, Glavgorenergonadzor of Russia, 1998.
Fire safety standards NPB 249-97. Lamps. Fire safety requirements. Test methods
Atlas of standard color samples (standard measure) ATs-1000, VNIIMetrology named after. DI. Mendeleev, 1982
Color register of standard RAL samples. (RAL Standards. Color Collection RAL), Germany
Munsell Color Atlas. (Munsell Book of Color), USA, 1976
Atlas of colors of the eight-color mixing system "Rainbow", Moscow, 1981.
Guide to Pantone color formulas (PANTONE. Color formula Guide 1000. Corp. Pantone, New Jersey), USA, 1995.